Initial commit

This commit is contained in:
Bruce Hill 2020-09-07 23:05:38 -07:00
commit cead7e5b26
2 changed files with 793 additions and 0 deletions

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Makefile Normal file
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PREFIX=
CFLAGS=-Wall -Wextra -pedantic -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes
OFLAGS=-O3
all: bpeg
clean:
rm -f bpeg
bpeg: bpeg.c
cc $(CFLAGS) $(OFLAGS) $< -o $@
.PHONY: all clean

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bpeg.c Normal file
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// # <comment> comment
// ` <c> character <c>
// ! <pat> no <pat>
// ^ <pat> upto <pat>
// & <pat> upto and including <pat>
// <N=1> + <pat> [% <sep="">] <N> or more <pat>s (separated by <sep>)
// * <pat> [% <sep="">] sugar for "0+ <pat> [% <sep>]"
// <N=1> - <pat> [% <sep="">] <N> or fewer <pat>s (separated by <sep>)
// ? <pat> sugar for "1- <pat>"
// <N> - <M> <pat> <N> to <M> (inclusive) <pat>s
// < <pat> after <pat>, ...
// > <pat> before <pat>, ...
// . any character
// <pat> / <alt> <pat> otherwise <alt>
// ( <pat> ) <pat>
// @ <pat> capture <pat>
// @ [ <name> ] <pat> <pat> named <name>
// ; <name> = <pat> <name> is defined to be <pat>
// { <pat> ~ <str> } <pat> replaced with <str>
// "@1" or "@{1}" first capture
// "@foo" or "@{foo}" capture named "foo"
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define check(cond, ...) do { if (!(cond)) { fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__); _exit(1); } } while(0)
typedef struct match_s {
const char *start, *end;
union {
unsigned int is_capture:1;
const char *name;
} capture;
const char *replacement;
struct match_s *child, *nextsibling;
} match_t;
enum VM_OPTYPE {
VM_EMPTY = 0,
VM_ANYCHAR = 1,
VM_STRING,
VM_RANGE,
VM_NOT,
VM_UPTO,
VM_UPTO_AND,
VM_REPEAT,
VM_BEFORE,
VM_AFTER,
VM_CAPTURE,
VM_OTHERWISE,
VM_CHAIN,
VM_REPLACE,
VM_REF,
};
typedef struct vm_op_s {
enum VM_OPTYPE op;
const char *start, *end;
ssize_t len;
union {
const char *s;
struct {
char low, high;
} range;
struct {
ssize_t min, max;
struct vm_op_s *sep, *repeat_pat;
} repetitions;
struct {
struct vm_op_s *first, *second;
} multiple;
struct {
struct vm_op_s *replace_pat;
const char *replacement;
} replace;
struct {
struct vm_op_s *capture_pat;
char *name;
} capture;
struct vm_op_s *pat;
} args;
} vm_op_t;
static match_t *free_match(match_t *m);
static match_t *match(const char *str, vm_op_t *op);
static void set_range(vm_op_t *op, ssize_t min, ssize_t max, vm_op_t *pat, vm_op_t *sep);
static inline const char *skip_spaces(const char *str);
static vm_op_t *expand_choices(vm_op_t *op);
static vm_op_t *expand_chain(vm_op_t *first);
static vm_op_t *parse(const char *str);
typedef struct {
const char *name;
vm_op_t *op;
} def_t;
static def_t defs[1024] = {{NULL, NULL}};
size_t ndefs = 0;
static int verbose = 1;
#define debug(...) do { if (verbose) fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__); } while(0)
static match_t *free_match(match_t *m)
{
if (m->child) m->child = free_match(m->child);
if (m->nextsibling) m->nextsibling = free_match(m->nextsibling);
free(m);
return NULL;
}
static match_t *match(const char *str, vm_op_t *op)
{
tailcall:
switch (op->op) {
case VM_EMPTY: {
match_t *m = calloc(sizeof(match_t), 1);
m->start = str;
m->end = str;
return m;
}
case VM_ANYCHAR: {
if (!*str) return NULL;
match_t *m = calloc(sizeof(match_t), 1);
m->start = str;
m->end = str+1;
return m;
}
case VM_STRING: {
if (strncmp(str, op->args.s, op->len) != 0)
return NULL;
match_t *m = calloc(sizeof(match_t), 1);
m->start = str;
m->end = str + op->len;
return m;
}
case VM_RANGE: {
if (*str < op->args.range.low || *str > op->args.range.high)
return NULL;
match_t *m = calloc(sizeof(match_t), 1);
m->start = str;
m->end = str + 1;
return m;
}
case VM_NOT: {
match_t *m = match(str, op->args.pat);
if (m != NULL) {
m = free_match(m);
return NULL;
}
m = calloc(sizeof(match_t), 1);
m->start = str;
m->end = str;
return m;
}
case VM_UPTO: case VM_UPTO_AND: {
match_t *m = calloc(sizeof(match_t), 1);
m->start = str;
for (; *str; ++str) {
match_t *p = match(str, op->args.pat);
if (p != NULL) {
if (op->op == VM_UPTO) {
p = free_match(p);
m->end = str;
return m;
} else {
m->end = p->end;
m->child = p;
return m;
}
}
}
m = free_match(m);
return NULL;
}
case VM_REPEAT: {
match_t *m = calloc(sizeof(match_t), 1);
m->start = str;
m->end = str;
if (op->args.repetitions.max == 0) return m;
match_t **dest = &m->child;
size_t reps = 0;
*dest = match(str, op->args.repetitions.repeat_pat);
if (*dest != NULL) {
++reps;
str = (*dest)->end;
dest = &(*dest)->nextsibling;
if (op->args.repetitions.sep != NULL) {
for (; reps < (size_t)op->args.repetitions.max; reps++) {
match_t *sep = match(str, op->args.repetitions.sep);
if (sep == NULL) break;
str = sep->end;
match_t *p = match(str, op->args.repetitions.repeat_pat);
if (p == NULL) {
p = free_match(p);
break;
}
str = p->end;
*dest = sep;
sep->nextsibling = p;
dest = &p->nextsibling;
}
} else {
for (; reps < (size_t)op->args.repetitions.max; reps++) {
*dest = match(str, op->args.repetitions.repeat_pat);
if (*dest == NULL) break;
str = (*dest)->end;
dest = &(*dest)->nextsibling;
}
}
}
if ((ssize_t)reps < op->args.repetitions.min) {
m = free_match(m);
return NULL;
}
m->end = str;
return m;
}
case VM_AFTER: {
check(op->len != -1, "'<' is only allowed for fixed-length operations");
// Check for necessary space:
for (int i = 0; i < op->len; i++) {
if (str[-i] == '\0') return NULL;
}
match_t *before = match(str-op->len, op->args.pat);
if (before == NULL) return NULL;
before = free_match(before);
match_t *m = calloc(sizeof(match_t), 1);
m->start = str;
m->end = str;
return m;
}
case VM_BEFORE: {
match_t *after = match(str, op->args.pat);
if (after == NULL) return NULL;
after = free_match(after);
match_t *m = calloc(sizeof(match_t), 1);
m->start = str;
m->end = str;
return m;
}
case VM_CAPTURE: {
match_t *p = match(str, op->args.pat);
if (p == NULL) return NULL;
match_t *m = calloc(sizeof(match_t), 1);
m->start = str;
m->end = p->end;
if (op->args.capture.name)
m->capture.name = op->args.capture.name;
else
m->capture.is_capture = 1;
return m;
}
case VM_OTHERWISE: {
match_t *m = match(str, op->args.multiple.first);
if (m == NULL) m = match(str, op->args.multiple.second);
return m;
}
case VM_CHAIN: {
match_t *m1 = match(str, op->args.multiple.first);
if (m1 == NULL) return NULL;
match_t *m2 = match(m1->end, op->args.multiple.second);
if (m2 == NULL) {
m1 = free_match(m1);
return NULL;
}
match_t *m = calloc(sizeof(match_t), 1);
m->start = str;
m->end = m2->end;
m->child = m1;
m1->nextsibling = m2;
return m;
}
case VM_REPLACE: {
match_t *m = calloc(sizeof(match_t), 1);
m->start = str;
if (op->args.replace.replace_pat) {
match_t *p = match(str, op->args.replace.replace_pat);
if (p == NULL) return NULL;
m->end = p->end;
} else {
m->end = m->start;
}
// TODO: handle captures
m->replacement = op->args.replace.replacement;
return m;
}
case VM_REF: {
for (size_t i = 0; i < ndefs; i++) {
if (strcmp(defs[i].name, op->args.s) == 0) {
// Bingo!
op = defs[i].op;
goto tailcall;
}
}
check(0, "Unknown identifier: '%s'", op->args.s);
return NULL;
}
default: {
fprintf(stderr, "Unknown opcode: %d", op->op);
_exit(1);
return NULL;
}
}
}
static void set_range(vm_op_t *op, ssize_t min, ssize_t max, vm_op_t *pat, vm_op_t *sep)
{
op->op = VM_REPEAT;
if (pat->len >= 0 && (sep == NULL || sep->len >= 0) && min == max && min >= 0)
op->len = pat->len * min + (sep == NULL || min == 0 ? 0 : sep->len * (min-1));
else
op->len = -1;
op->args.repetitions.min = min;
op->args.repetitions.max = max;
op->args.repetitions.repeat_pat = pat;
op->args.repetitions.sep = sep;
}
static inline const char *skip_spaces(const char *str)
{
// Skip whitespace and comments:
skip_whitespace:
switch (*str) {
case ' ': case '\r': case '\n': case '\t': {
++str;
goto skip_whitespace;
}
case '#': {
while (*str && *str != '\n') ++str;
goto skip_whitespace;
}
}
return str;
}
static vm_op_t *expand_chain(vm_op_t *first)
{
vm_op_t *second = parse(first->end);
if (second == NULL) return first;
check(second->end > first->end, "No forward progress in chain!");
second = expand_chain(second);
vm_op_t *chain = calloc(sizeof(vm_op_t), 1);
chain->op = VM_CHAIN;
chain->start = first->start;
if (first->len >= 0 && second->len >= 0)
chain->len = first->len + second->len;
else chain->len = -1;
chain->end = second->end;
chain->args.multiple.first = first;
chain->args.multiple.second = second;
return chain;
}
static vm_op_t *expand_choices(vm_op_t *first)
{
first = expand_chain(first);
const char *str = skip_spaces(first->end);
if (*str != '/') return first;
++str;
vm_op_t *second = parse(str);
check(second, "Expected pattern after '/'");
second = expand_chain(second);
vm_op_t *choice = calloc(sizeof(vm_op_t), 1);
choice->op = VM_OTHERWISE;
choice->start = first->start;
if (first->len == second->len)
choice->len = first->len;
else choice->len = -1;
choice->end = second->end;
choice->args.multiple.first = first;
choice->args.multiple.second = second;
return expand_choices(choice);
}
static vm_op_t *parse(const char *str)
{
if (!*str) return NULL;
debug("Parsing \"%s\"...\n", str);
str = skip_spaces(str);
check(*str, "Expected a pattern");
vm_op_t *op = calloc(sizeof(vm_op_t), 1);
op->start = str;
op->len = -1;
switch (*str) {
// Any char (dot)
case '.': {
++str;
debug("Dot\n");
op->op = VM_ANYCHAR;
op->len = 1;
break;
}
// Char literals
case '`': {
++str;
char c[2] = {*str, '\0'};
++str;
check(c[0], "Expected character after '`'\n");
op->len = 1;
if (*str == ',') { // Range
debug("Char range\n");
char c2 = *(++str);
check(c2, "Expected character after ','");
op->op = VM_RANGE;
op->args.range.low = c[0];
op->args.range.high = c2;
} else {
debug("Char literal\n");
op->op = VM_STRING;
op->args.s = strdup(c);
}
break;
}
// Escapes
case '\\': {
++str;
debug("Escape sequence\n");
check(*str, "Expected escape after '\\'");
op->op = VM_STRING;
op->len = 1;
char c[2] = {*str, '\0'};
switch (c[0]) {
case 'a': c[0] = '\a'; break;
case 'b': c[0] = '\b'; break;
case 'n': c[0] = '\n'; break;
case 'r': c[0] = '\r'; break;
case 't': c[0] = '\t'; break;
case 'v': c[0] = '\v'; break;
case 'x': { // Hex
static const char hextable[255] = {
['0']=0x10, ['1']=0x1, ['2']=0x2, ['3']=0x3, ['4']=0x4,
['5']=0x5, ['6']=0x6, ['7']=0x7, ['8']=0x8, ['9']=0x9,
['a']=0xa, ['b']=0xb, ['c']=0xc, ['d']=0xd, ['e']=0xe, ['f']=0xf,
['A']=0xa, ['B']=0xb, ['C']=0xc, ['D']=0xd, ['E']=0xe, ['F']=0xf,
};
if (hextable[(int)str[1]] && hextable[(int)str[2]])
c[0] = (hextable[(int)str[1]] << 4) | (hextable[(int)str[2]] & 0xF);
break;
}
case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': { // Octal
c[0] = c[0] - '0';
++str;
if ('0' <= *str && *str <= '7') {
c[0] = (c[0] << 3) | (*str - '0');
++str;
}
if ('0' <= *str && *str <= '7') {
c[0] = (c[0] << 3) | (*str - '0');
++str;
}
break;
}
default: {
check(0, "Invalid escape sequence");
}
}
op->args.s = strdup(c);
break;
}
// String literal
case '"': case '\'': {
char quote = *str;
++str;
const char *literal = str;
for (; *str && *str != quote; str++) {
if (*str == '\\') {
// TODO: handle escape chars like \n
check(str[1], "Expected more string contents after backslash");
++str;
}
}
op->op = VM_STRING;
op->len = (ssize_t)(str - literal);
op->args.s = strndup(literal, (size_t)op->len);
debug("String literal: %c%s%c\n", quote, op->args.s, quote);
check(*str == quote, "Missing closing quote");
++str;
break;
}
// Not <pat>
case '!': {
++str;
debug("Not pattern\n");
vm_op_t *p = parse(str);
check(p, "Expected pattern after '!'\n");
str = p->end;
op->op = VM_NOT;
op->len = 0;
op->args.pat = p;
break;
}
// Upto <pat>
case '^': {
++str;
debug("Upto pattern\n");
vm_op_t *p = parse(str);
check(p, "Expected pattern after '^'\n");
str = p->end;
op->op = VM_UPTO;
op->len = -1;
op->args.pat = p;
break;
}
// Upto and including <pat>
case '&': {
++str;
debug("Upto-and pattern\n");
vm_op_t *p = parse(str);
check(p, "Expected pattern after '&'\n");
str = p->end;
op->op = VM_UPTO_AND;
op->len = -1;
op->args.pat = p;
break;
}
// Number of repetitions: <N>(-<N> / - / + / "")
case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5':
case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': {
debug("Repetitions\n");
ssize_t min = -1, max = -1;
long n1 = strtol(str, (char**)&str, 10);
str = skip_spaces(str);
switch (*str) {
case '-': {
++str;
str = skip_spaces(str);
const char *start = str;
long n2 = strtol(str, (char**)&str, 10);
if (str == start) min = 0, max = n1;
else min = n1, max = n2;
break;
}
case '+': {
++str;
min = n1, max = -1;
break;
}
default: {
min = n1, max = n1;
break;
}
}
vm_op_t *pat = parse(str);
check(pat, "Expected pattern after repetition count");
str = pat->end;
str = skip_spaces(str);
if (*str == '%') {
++str;
vm_op_t *sep = parse(str);
check(sep, "Expected pattern for separator after '%%'");
str = sep->end;
set_range(op, min, max, pat, sep);
} else {
set_range(op, min, max, pat, NULL);
}
debug("min = %lld max = %lld\n", (long long)op->args.repetitions.min, (long long)op->args.repetitions.max);
break;
}
// Special repetitions:
case '+': case '*': case '?': {
debug("Special repetitions\n");
ssize_t min = -1, max = -1;
switch (*str) {
case '+': min = 1, max = -1; break;
case '*': min = 0, max = -1; break;
case '?': min = 0, max = 1; break;
}
++str;
vm_op_t *pat = parse(str);
check(pat, "Expected pattern after +");
str = pat->end;
str = skip_spaces(str);
if (*str == '%') {
++str;
vm_op_t *sep = parse(str);
check(sep, "Expected pattern for separator after '%%'");
str = sep->end;
set_range(op, min, max, pat, sep);
} else {
set_range(op, min, max, pat, NULL);
}
debug("min = %lld max = %lld\n", (long long)op->args.repetitions.min, (long long)op->args.repetitions.max);
break;
}
// Lookbehind
case '<': {
++str;
debug("Lookbehind\n");
vm_op_t *pat = parse(str);
check(pat, "Expected pattern after <");
str = pat->end;
check(pat->len != -1, "Lookbehind patterns must have a fixed length");
str = pat->end;
op->op = VM_AFTER;
op->len = 0;
op->args.pat = pat;
break;
}
// Lookahead
case '>': {
++str;
debug("Lookahead\n");
vm_op_t *pat = parse(str);
check(pat, "Expected pattern after >");
str = pat->end;
op->op = VM_BEFORE;
op->len = 0;
op->args.pat = pat;
break;
}
// Parentheses
case '(': {
debug("Open paren (\n");
++str;
free(op);
op = parse(str);
check(op, "Expected pattern inside parentheses");
op = expand_choices(op);
str = op->end;
str = skip_spaces(str);
check(*str == ')', "Expected closing parenthesis");
++str;
debug("Close paren (\n");
break;
}
// Capture
case '@': {
debug("Capture\n");
++str;
op->op = VM_CAPTURE;
str = skip_spaces(str);
if (*str == '[') {
++str;
char *closing = strchr(str, ']');
check(closing, "Expected closing ']'");
op->args.capture.name = strndup(str, (size_t)(closing-str));
debug("named \"%s\"\n", op->args.capture.name);
str = closing;
++str;
}
vm_op_t *pat = parse(str);
check(pat, "Expected pattern after @");
str = pat->end;
op->args.capture.capture_pat = pat;
op->len = pat->len;
break;
}
// Replacement
case '{': {
debug("Replacement {\n");
++str;
str = skip_spaces(str);
vm_op_t *pat = NULL;
if (*str != '~') {
pat = parse(str);
check(pat, "Expected pattern after '{'");
pat = expand_choices(pat);
str = pat->end;
str = skip_spaces(str+1);
}
str = skip_spaces(str+1);
char quote = *(str++);
check(quote == '\'' || quote == '"',
"Expected string literal for replacement");
const char *replacement = str;
for (; *str && *str != quote; str++) {
if (*str == '\\') {
check(str[1], "Expected more string contents after backslash");
++str;
}
}
replacement = strndup(replacement, (size_t)(str-replacement));
++str;
str = skip_spaces(str);
check(*str == '}', "Expected a closing '}'");
++str;
op->op = VM_REPLACE;
op->args.replace.replace_pat = pat;
op->args.replace.replacement = replacement;
debug(" rep = \"%s\"", replacement);
debug("}");
if (pat != NULL) op->len = pat->len;
break;
}
// Whitespace
case '_': {
debug("Whitespace\n");
++str;
op->op = VM_REF;
op->args.s = strdup("_");
break;
}
default: {
// Reference
if (isalpha(*str)) {
const char *refname = str;
size_t len = 1;
for (++str; isalnum(*str); ++str)
++len;
op->op = VM_REF;
debug("Ref: %s\n", refname);
op->args.s = strndup(refname, len);
break;
} else {
free(op);
return NULL;
}
}
}
op->end = str;
return op;
}
static void load_def(const char *name, const char *def)
{
defs[ndefs].name = name;
defs[ndefs].op = parse(def);
++ndefs;
}
static void load_defs(void)
{
load_def("_", "` /\\t/\\n/\\r");
load_def("nl", "\\n");
load_def("crlf", "\\r\\n");
load_def("abc", "`a,z");
load_def("ABC", "`A,Z");
load_def("Abc", "`a,z/`A,Z");
load_def("digit", "`0,9");
load_def("number", "+`0,9 ?(`. *`0,9) / `. +`0,9");
load_def("hex", "`0,9/`a,f");
load_def("Hex", "`0,9/`a,f/`A,F");
load_def("HEX", "`0,9/`A,F");
load_def("id", "(`a,z/`A,Z/`_) *(`a,z/`A,Z/`_/`0,9)");
load_def("line", "&(?\\r\\n / !.)");
load_def("parens", "`( *(parens / .) `)");
load_def("braces", "`{ *(parens / .) `}");
load_def("brackets", "`[ *(parens / .) `]");
load_def("anglebraces", "`< *(parens / .) `>");
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
load_defs();
char *lang = argc > 1 ? argv[1] : "'x''y'";
vm_op_t *op = parse(lang);
check(op, "Failed to parse input");
op = expand_choices(op);
// TODO: check for semicolon and more rules
char *str = argc > 2 ? argv[2] : "xyz";
// Ensure string has a null byte to the left:
char *lpadded = calloc(sizeof(char), strlen(str)+2);
stpcpy(&lpadded[1], str);
str = &lpadded[1];
match_t *m = match(str, op);
if (m == NULL) {
printf("No match\n");
} else {
printf("%.*s\033[7m%.*s\033[0m%s\n",
(int)(str - m->start), str,
(int)(m->end - m->start), m->start,
m->end);
}
return 0;
}