nomsu/lib/things.nom

#!/usr/bin/env nomsu -V4.12.12.8
#
    A library for simple object oriented programming.
    
test:
    an (Empty) is a thing
    a (Dog) is a thing:
        [%it, %its] = [Dog, Dog]
        (%its::set up) means:
            %its.barks or= 0
        
        [%its::bark, %its::woof] all mean:
            %barks = [: for % in 1 to %its.barks: add "Bark!"]
            return (%barks::joined with " ")
        
        (%it::gets pissed off) means: %it.barks += 1
    (Dog).genus = "Canus"
    %d = (a Dog with {barks: 2})
    assume "\%d" == "Dog {barks: 2}"
    assume (type of %d) == "Dog"
    assume (%d is a "Dog")
    assume %d.barks == 2
    assume ((%d::bark) == "Bark! Bark!")
    assume ((%d::woof) == "Bark! Bark!")
    %d::gets pissed off
    assume (%d.barks == 3)
    assume ((%d::bark) == "Bark! Bark! Bark!")
    assume (%d.genus == "Canus")
    assume ("\(%d.class)" == "Dog")
    assume (%d.genus == "Canus")
    assume (%d.barks == 3)
    %d2 = (a Dog)
    assume (%d2.barks == 0) or barf "Default initializer failed"
    with {%d: a Dog with {barks: 1}}:
        assume ((%d::bark) == "Bark!")
    
    a (Corgi) is a thing:
        [%it, %its] = [Corgi, Corgi]
        %it [set up, gets pissed off] like a (Dog)
        (%it::as text) means "Dogloaf \{: for %k = %v in %it: add %k = %v}"
        (%its::sploot) means "sploooot"
        [%its::bark, %its::woof] all mean:
            %barks = [: for % in 1 to %its.barks: add "Yip!"]
            return (%barks::joined with " ")
    
    %corg = (a Corgi)
    assume (%corg.barks == 0)
    assume "\%corg" == "Dogloaf {barks: 0}"
    with {%d: a Corgi with {barks: 1}}:
        assume ((%d::sploot) == "sploooot") or barf "subclass method failed"
        assume ((%d::bark) == "Yip!") or barf "inheritance failed"
        assume ((%d::woof) == "Yip!")
    
    with {%d: a Dog with {barks: 2}}:
        assume ((%d::bark) == "Bark! Bark!")
    
    a (Vec) is a thing with {x, y}:
        %its = (Vec)
        (%its::+ %other) means (Vec {x: %its.x + %other.x, y: %its.y + %other.y})
    
    assume ((Vec {x: 1, y: 2}) + (Vec {x: 10, y: 10})) == (Vec {x: 11, y: 12})
    assume (((Vec {x: 1, y: 2}) + (Vec {x: 10, y: 10})) != (Vec {x: 0, y: 0}))

[..]
    %it can %actions like a %class, %it can %actions like an %class
    %it has %actions like a %class, %it has %actions like an %class
    %it %actions like a %class, %it %actions like an %class
..all compile to:
    %lua = (Lua "")
    %class_expr = (%class as lua expr)
    %lines = []
    for %a in %actions:
        %lines::add "\
            ..\(%it as lua expr).\(%a.stub::as lua id) = \%class_expr.\(%a.stub::as lua id)"
    %lua::add %lines joined with "\n"
    return %lua

%METAMETHOD_MAP = {..}
    "as text": "__tostring", "clean up": "__gc", "+": "__add", "-": "__sub"
    "*": "__mul", "/": "__div", negative: "__unm", "//": "__idiv", mod: "__mod"
    "^": "__pow", "&": "__band", "|": "__bor", "~": "__bxor", "~": "__bnot"
    "<<": "__bshl", ">>": "__bshr", "==": "__eq", "<": "__lt", "<=": "__le"
    "set 1 =": "__newindex", size: "__len", iterate: "__ipairs", "iterate all": "__pairs"

((% as text like a dict)'s meaning) = ({}'s metatable).__tostring
externally (a class named %classname with %members ((initialize %it)'s meaning)) \
..means:
    %class = {__type: %classname}
    %class.__index = %class
    %class.class = %class
    %class.__tostring = (% -> "\(%.__type) \(% as text like a dict)")
    %class.__eq = ({}'s metatable).__eq
    %class.__len = ({}'s metatable).__len
    if %members:
        %class.__members = %members
        %class.__newindex = (..)
            for (%its %key = %value):
                if %members.%key:
                    rawset %its %key %value
                ..else:
                    barf "Cannot set \%key, it's not one of the allowed member fields."
    
    set %class's metatable to {..}
        __tostring: %class -> %class.__type
        __call: for (%class with %initial_values):
            if (%initial_values == (nil)): return %class
            set %initial_values's metatable to %class
            if %initial_values.set_up:
                %initial_values::set up
            return %initial_values
    
    if ((initialize)'s meaning):
        initialize %class
        for %stub = %metamethod in %METAMETHOD_MAP:
            if %class.(%stub::as lua id):
                %class.%metamethod = %class.(%stub::as lua id)
    
    return %class

[..]
    a %classname is a thing with %members %class_body
    an %classname is a thing with %members %class_body
..all compile to:
    %class_id = (%classname.stub::as lua id)
    if %class_body:
        %body_lua = (%class_body as lua)
        %body_lua::remove free vars [%class_id]
        %body_lua::declare locals
    
    return (..)
        Lua "\
            ..\%class_id = a_class_named_1_with(\(quote %classname.stub), \(%members as lua)\(..)
                (Lua ", function(\%class_id)\n    \%body_lua\nend") if %class_body else ""
            ..)
            a_\%class_id = function(initial_values) return \(%classname.stub::as lua id)(initial_values or {}) end
            an_\%class_id, a_\(%class_id)_with, an_\(%class_id)_with = \
            ..a_\%class_id, a_\%class_id, a_\%class_id"

[a %classname is a thing %class_body, an %classname is a thing] all parse as (..)
    a %classname is a thing with (nil) %class_body