diff --git a/code_obj.lua b/code_obj.lua
index a8d7adf..b5213c9 100644
--- a/code_obj.lua
+++ b/code_obj.lua
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ do
   local _class_0
   local _base_0 = {
     is_code = true,
-    as_smext = function(self)
+    text = function(self)
       if self.__str == nil then
         local buff, indent = { }, 0
         local match, gsub, rep
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ do
               end
             end
           else
-            b = b:as_smext()
+            b = b:text()
             if indent > 0 then
               b = gsub(b, "\n", "\n" .. rep(" ", indent))
             end
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ do
       return self.__str
     end,
     __tostring = function(self)
-      return self:as_smext()
+      return self:text()
     end,
     as_lua = function(self)
       return tostring(self.__class.__name) .. "(" .. tostring(concat({
@@ -126,13 +126,13 @@ do
       }, ", ")) .. ")"
     end,
     __len = function(self)
-      return #self:as_smext()
+      return #self:text()
     end,
     match = function(self, ...)
-      return self:as_smext():match(...)
+      return self:text():match(...)
     end,
     gmatch = function(self, ...)
-      return self:as_smext():gmatch(...)
+      return self:text():gmatch(...)
     end,
     dirty = function(self)
       self.__str = nil
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ do
     end,
     trailing_line_len = function(self)
       if self._trailing_line_len == nil then
-        self._trailing_line_len = #self:as_smext():match("[^\n]*$")
+        self._trailing_line_len = #self:text():match("[^\n]*$")
       end
       return self._trailing_line_len
     end,
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ do
           b.dirty = error
         end
         if not (type(b) == 'string') then
-          b = b:as_smext()
+          b = b:text()
         end
         local line = match(b, "\n([^\n]*)$")
         if line then
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ do
             end
           else
             walk(b, pos)
-            b = b:as_smext()
+            b = b:text()
           end
           pos = pos + #b
         end
@@ -502,12 +502,7 @@ do
   end
   NomsuCode = _class_0
 end
-Code.__base.append_1 = assert(Code.__base.append)
-Code.__base.append_1_joined_by_2 = assert(Code.__base.concat_append)
-Code.__base.prepend_1 = assert(Code.__base.prepend)
-LuaCode.__base.declare_locals_1 = assert(LuaCode.__base.declare_locals)
-LuaCode.__base.remove_free_vars_1 = assert(LuaCode.__base.remove_free_vars)
-LuaCode.__base.add_free_vars_1 = assert(LuaCode.__base.add_free_vars)
+Code.__base.add_1_joined_with = assert(Code.__base.concat_append)
 return {
   Code = Code,
   NomsuCode = NomsuCode,
diff --git a/code_obj.moon b/code_obj.moon
index 3e43b16..22969a4 100644
--- a/code_obj.moon
+++ b/code_obj.moon
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class Code
         --assert(@source and Source\is_instance(@source), "Source has the wrong type")
         @append(...)
 
-    as_smext: =>
+    text: =>
         if @__str == nil
             buff, indent = {}, 0
             {:match, :gsub, :rep} = string
@@ -59,23 +59,23 @@ class Code
                     if spaces = match(b, "\n([ ]*)[^\n]*$")
                         indent = #spaces
                 else
-                    b = b\as_smext!
+                    b = b\text!
                     if indent > 0
                         b = gsub(b, "\n", "\n"..rep(" ", indent))
                 buff[#buff+1] = b
             @__str = concat(buff, "")
         return @__str
 
-    __tostring: => @as_smext!
+    __tostring: => @text!
 
     as_lua: =>
         "#{@__class.__name}(#{concat {tostring(@source)\as_lua!, unpack([b\as_lua! for b in *@bits])}, ", "})"
 
-    __len: => #@as_smext!
+    __len: => #@text!
     
-    match: (...)=> @as_smext!\match(...)
+    match: (...)=> @text!\match(...)
 
-    gmatch: (...)=> @as_smext!\gmatch(...)
+    gmatch: (...)=> @text!\gmatch(...)
     
     dirty: =>
         @__str = nil
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class Code
     
     trailing_line_len: =>
         if @_trailing_line_len == nil
-            @_trailing_line_len = #@as_smext!\match("[^\n]*$")
+            @_trailing_line_len = #@text!\match("[^\n]*$")
         return @_trailing_line_len
     
     is_multiline: =>
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ class Code
             bits[#bits+1] = b
             b.dirty = error if b.is_code
             unless type(b) == 'string'
-                b = b\as_smext!
+                b = b\text!
             line = match(b, "\n([^\n]*)$")
             if line
                 line_len = #line
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ class LuaCode extends Code
                         nomsu_to_lua[lua.source.start] = pos
                 else
                     walk b, pos
-                    b = b\as_smext!
+                    b = b\text!
                 pos += #b
         walk self, 1
         return {
@@ -259,11 +259,6 @@ class NomsuCode extends Code
     as_lua: Code.as_lua
     __len: Code.__len
 
-Code.__base.append_1 = assert Code.__base.append
-Code.__base.append_1_joined_by_2 = assert Code.__base.concat_append
-Code.__base.prepend_1 = assert Code.__base.prepend
-LuaCode.__base.declare_locals_1 = assert LuaCode.__base.declare_locals
-LuaCode.__base.remove_free_vars_1 = assert LuaCode.__base.remove_free_vars
-LuaCode.__base.add_free_vars_1 = assert LuaCode.__base.add_free_vars
+Code.__base.add_1_joined_with = assert Code.__base.concat_append
 
 return {:Code, :NomsuCode, :LuaCode, :Source}
diff --git a/compatibility/4.8.10.nom b/compatibility/4.8.10.nom
index d20448e..66152b5 100644
--- a/compatibility/4.8.10.nom
+++ b/compatibility/4.8.10.nom
@@ -57,3 +57,4 @@ upgrade action "parse 1 as 2" to "4.8.10" via (..)
 
 upgrade action (compile as %) to "4.8.10" as (what % compiles to)
 upgrade action (action %) to "4.8.10" as (%'s meaning)
+upgrade action (remove action %) to "4.8.10" as ((%'s meaning) = (nil))
diff --git a/compatibility/compatibility.nom b/compatibility/compatibility.nom
index c61b5a9..1153ab4 100644
--- a/compatibility/compatibility.nom
+++ b/compatibility/compatibility.nom
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ externally (upgrade action %stub to %version via %upgrade_fn) means:
         %retval = (make tree %body)
         %lua::append (..)
             Lua "\
-                ..upgrade_action_1_to_2_via_3(\(quote %action.stub), \(%version as lua expr), function(\(..)
+                ..upgrade_action_1_to_2_via(\(quote %action.stub), \(%version as lua expr), function(\(..)
                     \%tree as lua id
                 ..)
                     return \%retval
diff --git a/containers.lua b/containers.lua
index 8ab6c80..3148dcf 100644
--- a/containers.lua
+++ b/containers.lua
@@ -134,15 +134,15 @@ local _list_mt = {
     return ret
   end,
   __index = {
-    add_1 = insert,
-    append_1 = insert,
-    add_1_at_index_2 = function(t, x, i)
+    add = insert,
+    append = insert,
+    add_1_at_index = function(t, x, i)
       return insert(t, i, x)
     end,
-    at_index_1_add_2 = insert,
+    at_index_1_add = insert,
     pop = remove,
     remove_last = remove,
-    remove_index_1 = remove,
+    remove_index = remove,
     last = (function(self)
       return self[#self]
     end),
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ local _list_mt = {
         return _accum_0
       end)())
     end,
-    joined_with_1 = function(self, glue)
+    joined_with = function(self, glue)
       return table.concat((function()
         local _accum_0 = { }
         local _len_0 = 1
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ local _list_mt = {
         return _accum_0
       end)(), glue)
     end,
-    has_1 = function(self, item)
+    has = function(self, item)
       for _index_0 = 1, #self do
         local x = self[_index_0]
         if x == item then
@@ -186,14 +186,14 @@ local _list_mt = {
       end
       return false
     end,
-    remove_1 = function(self, item)
+    remove = function(self, item)
       for i, x in ipairs(self) do
         if x == item then
           remove(self, i)
         end
       end
     end,
-    index_of_1 = function(self, item)
+    index_of = function(self, item)
       for i, x in ipairs(self) do
         if x == item then
           return i
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ local _list_mt = {
       end
       return nil
     end,
-    from_1_to_2 = function(self, start, stop)
+    from_1_to = function(self, start, stop)
       local n = #self
       if n < 0 then
         start = (n + 1 - start)
@@ -383,20 +383,20 @@ do
   local lines, line, line_at, as_lua_id, is_lua_id
   lines, line, line_at, as_lua_id, is_lua_id = string2.lines, string2.line, string2.line_at, string2.as_lua_id, string2.is_lua_id
   local text_methods = {
-    formatted_with_1 = format,
-    byte_1 = byte,
-    position_of_1 = find,
-    position_of_1_after_2 = find,
+    formatted_with = format,
+    byte = byte,
+    position_of = find,
+    position_of_1_after = find,
     as_a_lua_identifier = as_lua_id,
     is_a_lua_identifier = is_lua_id,
     as_a_lua_id = as_lua_id,
     is_a_lua_id = is_lua_id,
-    bytes_1_to_2 = function(self, start, stop)
+    bytes_1_to = function(self, start, stop)
       return List({
         byte(tostring(self), start, stop)
       })
     end,
-    [as_lua_id("with 1 -> 2")] = gsub,
+    [as_lua_id("with 1 ->")] = gsub,
     bytes = function(self)
       return List({
         byte(tostring(self), 1, -1)
@@ -405,8 +405,8 @@ do
     lines = function(self)
       return List(lines(self))
     end,
-    line_1 = line,
-    wrapped_to_1 = function(self, maxlen)
+    line = line,
+    wrapped_to = function(self, maxlen)
       local _lines = { }
       local _list_0 = self:lines()
       for _index_0 = 1, #_list_0 do
@@ -422,22 +422,22 @@ do
       end
       return table.concat(_lines, "\n")
     end,
-    line_at_1 = function(self, i)
+    line_at = function(self, i)
       return (line_at(self, i))
     end,
-    line_number_at_1 = function(self, i)
+    line_number_at = function(self, i)
       return select(2, line_at(self, i))
     end,
-    line_position_at_1 = function(self, i)
+    line_position_at = function(self, i)
       return select(3, line_at(self, i))
     end,
-    matches_1 = function(self, patt)
+    matches = function(self, patt)
       return match(self, patt) and true or false
     end,
-    matching_1 = function(self, patt)
+    matching = function(self, patt)
       return (match(self, patt))
     end,
-    matching_groups_1 = function(self, patt)
+    matching_groups = function(self, patt)
       return {
         match(self, patt)
       }
@@ -445,7 +445,7 @@ do
     [as_lua_id("* 1")] = function(self, n)
       return rep(self, n)
     end,
-    all_matches_of_1 = function(self, patt)
+    all_matches_of = function(self, patt)
       local result = { }
       local stepper, x, i = gmatch(self, patt)
       while true do
diff --git a/containers.moon b/containers.moon
index 30dcfc8..4671f6b 100644
--- a/containers.moon
+++ b/containers.moon
@@ -58,31 +58,31 @@ _list_mt =
             insert(ret, x)
         return ret
     __index:
-        add_1: insert, append_1: insert
-        add_1_at_index_2: (t,x,i)-> insert(t,i,x)
-        at_index_1_add_2: insert
-        pop: remove, remove_last: remove, remove_index_1: remove
+        add: insert, append: insert
+        add_1_at_index: (t,x,i)-> insert(t,i,x)
+        at_index_1_add: insert
+        pop: remove, remove_last: remove, remove_index: remove
         last: (=> @[#@]), first: (=> @[1])
         _1_st_to_last:nth_to_last, _1_nd_to_last:nth_to_last
         _1_rd_to_last:nth_to_last, _1_th_to_last:nth_to_last
         -- TODO: use stringify() to allow joining misc. objects?
         joined: => table.concat([tostring(x) for x in *@]),
-        joined_with_1: (glue)=> table.concat([tostring(x) for x in *@], glue),
-        has_1: (item)=>
+        joined_with: (glue)=> table.concat([tostring(x) for x in *@], glue),
+        has: (item)=>
             for x in *@
                 if x == item
                     return true
             return false
-        remove_1: (item)=>
+        remove: (item)=>
             for i,x in ipairs @
                 if x == item
                     remove(@, i)
-        index_of_1: (item)=>
+        index_of: (item)=>
             for i,x in ipairs @
                 if x == item
                     return i
             return nil
-        from_1_to_2: (start, stop)=>
+        from_1_to: (start, stop)=>
             n = #@
             start = (n+1-start) if n < 0
             stop = (n+1-stop) if n < 0
@@ -149,15 +149,15 @@ do
     string2 = require 'string2'
     {:lines, :line, :line_at, :as_lua_id, :is_lua_id} = string2
     text_methods =
-        formatted_with_1:format, byte_1:byte, position_of_1:find, position_of_1_after_2:find,
+        formatted_with:format, byte:byte, position_of:find, position_of_1_after:find,
         as_a_lua_identifier: as_lua_id, is_a_lua_identifier: is_lua_id,
         as_a_lua_id: as_lua_id, is_a_lua_id: is_lua_id,
-        bytes_1_to_2: (start, stop)=> List{byte(tostring(@), start, stop)}
-        [as_lua_id "with 1 -> 2"]: gsub
+        bytes_1_to: (start, stop)=> List{byte(tostring(@), start, stop)}
+        [as_lua_id "with 1 ->"]: gsub
         bytes: => List{byte(tostring(@), 1, -1)},
         lines: => List(lines(@))
-        line_1: line
-        wrapped_to_1: (maxlen)=>
+        line: line
+        wrapped_to: (maxlen)=>
             _lines = {}
             for line in *@lines!
                 while #line > maxlen
@@ -169,14 +169,14 @@ do
                 _lines[#_lines+1] = line
             return table.concat(_lines, "\n")
                                 
-        line_at_1: (i)=> (line_at(@, i))
-        line_number_at_1: (i)=> select(2, line_at(@, i))
-        line_position_at_1: (i)=> select(3, line_at(@, i))
-        matches_1: (patt)=> match(@, patt) and true or false
-        matching_1: (patt)=> (match(@, patt))
-        matching_groups_1: (patt)=> {match(@, patt)}
+        line_at: (i)=> (line_at(@, i))
+        line_number_at: (i)=> select(2, line_at(@, i))
+        line_position_at: (i)=> select(3, line_at(@, i))
+        matches: (patt)=> match(@, patt) and true or false
+        matching: (patt)=> (match(@, patt))
+        matching_groups: (patt)=> {match(@, patt)}
         [as_lua_id "* 1"]: (n)=> rep(@, n)
-        all_matches_of_1: (patt)=>
+        all_matches_of: (patt)=>
             result = {}
             stepper,x,i = gmatch(@, patt)
             while true
diff --git a/core/control_flow.nom b/core/control_flow.nom
index 0cabf95..bbc98f1 100644
--- a/core/control_flow.nom
+++ b/core/control_flow.nom
@@ -102,8 +102,20 @@ test:
         .."
 
 # Basic loop control
-(do next) compiles to (Lua "goto continue")
-(stop) compiles to (Lua "break")
+(stop %var) compiles to:
+    if %var:
+        return (..)
+            Lua "goto stop_\((%var.stub if (%var.type == "action") else %var) as lua identifier)"
+    ..else: return (Lua "break")
+(do next %var) compiles to:
+    if %var:
+        return (..)
+            Lua "goto continue_\((%var.stub if (%var.type == "action") else %var) as lua identifier)"
+    ..else: return (Lua "goto continue")
+[===stop %var ===, ---stop %var ---, ***stop %var ***] all compile to (..)
+    Lua "::stop_\((%var.stub if (%var.type == "action") else %var) as lua identifier)::"
+[===next %var ===, ---next %var ---, ***next %var ***] all compile to (..)
+    Lua "::continue_\((%var.stub if (%var.type == "action") else %var) as lua identifier)::"
 
 # While loops
 test:
@@ -177,16 +189,6 @@ test:
     
     return %lua
 
-# For loop control flow
-(stop %var) compiles to (..)
-    Lua "goto stop_\((%var.stub if (%var.type == "Action") else %var) as lua identifier)"
-(do next %var) compiles to (..)
-    Lua "goto continue_\((%var.stub if (%var.type == "Action") else %var) as lua identifier)"
-[===stop %var ===, ---stop %var ---, ***stop %var ***] all compile to (..)
-    Lua "::stop_\((%var.stub if (%var.type == "Action") else %var) as lua identifier)::"
-[===next %var ===, ---next %var ---, ***next %var ***] all compile to (..)
-    Lua "::continue_\((%var.stub if (%var.type == "Action") else %var) as lua identifier)::"
-
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 test:
@@ -365,7 +367,7 @@ test:
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 test:
-    if:
+    when:
         (1 == 2) (100 < 0):
             barf "bad conditional"
         (1 == 0) (1 == 1) %not_a_variable.x: do nothing
@@ -377,7 +379,7 @@ test:
             barf "bad conditional"
 
 # Multi-branch conditional (if..elseif..else)
-[if %body, when %body] all compile to:
+(when %body) compiles to:
     %code = (Lua "")
     %clause = "if"
     %else_allowed = (yes)
@@ -512,8 +514,6 @@ test:
             %d.x = "bad"
             barf
         ..then always: %d.x = "good"
-    ..and if it barfs: do nothing
-    
     assume (%d.x == "good")
 (do %action then always %final_action) compiles to:
     define mangler
diff --git a/core/errors.nom b/core/errors.nom
index 70dea0c..0b0a6a3 100644
--- a/core/errors.nom
+++ b/core/errors.nom
@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@
 
 use "core/metaprogramming.nom"
 
-(barf) compiles to (Lua "error(nil, 0);")
-(barf %msg) compiles to (Lua "error(\(%msg as lua expr), 0);")
+(barf %msg) compiles to (Lua "error(\(=lua "\%msg and \(%msg as lua expr) or 'nil'"), 0);")
 (compile error at %tree %msg) compiles to (..)
     Lua "nomsu:compile_error(\(%tree as lua expr), \(%msg as lua expr))"
 (compile error at %tree %msg hint %hint) compiles to (..)
@@ -66,9 +65,9 @@ test:
             local ok, ret = xpcall(function()
                 \(%action as lua statements)
                 fell_through = true
-            end, function(\(%msg as lua expr))
+            end, function(\(=lua "\%fallback and \(%msg as lua expr) or ''"))
                 local ok, ret = pcall(function()
-                    \(%fallback as lua statements)
+                    \((=lua "\%fallback or \%msg") as lua statements)
                 end)
                 if not ok then err, erred = ret, true end
             end)
@@ -84,18 +83,19 @@ test:
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-[..]
-    try %action and if it succeeds %success or if it barfs %fallback
-    try %action and if it barfs %fallback or if it succeeds %success
-..all parse as (..)
-    try %action and if it succeeds %success or if it barfs (=lua "") %fallback
+#
+    [..]
+        try %action and if it succeeds %success or if it barfs %fallback
+        try %action and if it barfs %fallback or if it succeeds %success
+    ..all parse as (..)
+        try %action and if it succeeds %success or if it barfs (=lua "") %fallback
 
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 (try %action) parses as (..)
     try %action and if it succeeds (do nothing) or if it barfs (do nothing)
 
-(try %action and if it barfs %fallback) parses as (..)
+#(try %action and if it barfs %fallback) parses as (..)
     try %action and if it succeeds (do nothing) or if it barfs %fallback
 
 (try %action and if it barfs %msg %fallback) parses as (..)
diff --git a/core/math.nom b/core/math.nom
index 538b068..66f5aba 100644
--- a/core/math.nom
+++ b/core/math.nom
@@ -80,21 +80,21 @@ externally (%n to the nearest %rounder) means (..)
 [all of %items, all %items] all compile to:
     unless (%items.type is "List"):
         return (Lua value "utils.all(\(%items as lua expr))")
-    %clauses = (((% as lua expr)::as smext) for % in %items)
+    %clauses = (((% as lua expr)::text) for % in %items)
     return (Lua value "(\(%clauses::joined with " and "))")
 
 [not all of %items, not all %items] all parse as (not (all of %items))
 [any of %items, any %items] all compile to:
     unless (%items.type is "List"):
         return (Lua value "utils.any(\(%items as lua expr))")
-    %clauses = (((% as lua expr)::as smext) for % in %items)
+    %clauses = (((% as lua expr)::text) for % in %items)
     return (Lua value "(\(%clauses::joined with " or "))")
 
 [none of %items, none %items] all parse as (not (any of %items))
 [sum of %items, sum %items] all compile to:
     unless (%items.type is "List"):
         return (Lua value "utils.sum(\(%items as lua expr))")
-    %clauses = (((% as lua expr)::as smext) for % in %items)
+    %clauses = (((% as lua expr)::text) for % in %items)
     return (Lua value "(\(%clauses::joined with " + "))")
 
 [if all of %items %body, if all of %items then %body] all parse as (..)
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ externally (%n to the nearest %rounder) means (..)
 [product of %items, product %items] all compile to:
     unless (%items.type is "List"):
         return (Lua value "utils.product(\(%items as lua expr))")
-    %clauses = (((% as lua expr)::as smext) for % in %items)
+    %clauses = (((% as lua expr)::text) for % in %items)
     return (Lua value "(\(%clauses::joined with " * "))")
 
 externally [avg of %items, average of %items] all mean (..)
diff --git a/core/metaprogramming.nom b/core/metaprogramming.nom
index dbc45a4..61c877f 100644
--- a/core/metaprogramming.nom
+++ b/core/metaprogramming.nom
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
     This File contains actions for making actions and compile-time actions and some helper
     functions to make that easier.
 
-lua> "NOMSU_CORE_VERSION = 8"
+lua> "NOMSU_CORE_VERSION = 9"
 lua> "\
     ..do
         local mangle_index = 0
@@ -16,14 +16,14 @@ lua> "\
         end
     end
     COMPILE_ACTIONS["define mangler"] = function(nomsu, tree)
-        return LuaCode(tree.source, "local mangle_1 = mangler()")
+        return LuaCode(tree.source, "local mangle = mangler()")
     end"
 
 lua> "\
-    ..COMPILE_ACTIONS["1 -> 2"] = function(nomsu, tree, \%args, \%body)
+    ..COMPILE_ACTIONS["1 ->"] = function(nomsu, tree, \%args, \%body)
         local lua = LuaCode.Value(tree.source, "(function(")
         if SyntaxTree:is_instance(\%args) and \%args.type == "Action" then \%args = \%args:get_args() end
-        local lua_args = table.map(\%args, function(a) return SyntaxTree:is_instance(a) and nomsu:compile(a):as_smext() or a end)
+        local lua_args = table.map(\%args, function(a) return SyntaxTree:is_instance(a) and nomsu:compile(a):text() or a end)
         lua:concat_append(lua_args, ", ")
         local body_lua = SyntaxTree:is_instance(\%body) and nomsu:compile(\%body):as_statements("return ") or \%body
         body_lua:remove_free_vars(lua_args)
@@ -63,15 +63,15 @@ test:
     asdf
     assume (%tmp is (nil)) or barf "compile to is leaking variables"
 lua> "\
-    ..COMPILE_ACTIONS["1 compiles to 2"] = function(nomsu, tree, \%actions, \%body)
+    ..COMPILE_ACTIONS["1 compiles to"] = function(nomsu, tree, \%actions, \%body)
         if \%actions.type ~= "List" then \%actions = {\%actions, type="List"} end
-        local \%args = {"nomsu", "tree", unpack(table.map(\%actions[1]:get_args(), function(a) return nomsu:compile(a):as_smext() end))}
+        local \%args = {"nomsu", "tree", unpack(table.map(\%actions[1]:get_args(), function(a) return nomsu:compile(a):text() end))}
         local lua = LuaCode(tree.source, "COMPILE_ACTIONS[", \%actions[1].stub:as_lua(),
             "] = ", \(what (%args -> %body) compiles to))
         for i=2,#\%actions do
             local alias = \%actions[i]
-            local \%alias_args = {"nomsu", "tree", unpack(table.map(alias:get_args(), function(a) return nomsu:compile(a):as_\
-    ..smext() end))}
+            local \%alias_args = {"nomsu", "tree", unpack(table.map(alias:get_args(), function(a) return nomsu:compile(a):text() \
+    ..end))}
             lua:append("\\nCOMPILE_ACTIONS[", alias.stub:as_lua(), "] = ")
             if utils.equivalent(\%args, \%alias_args) then
                 lua:append("COMPILE_ACTIONS[", \%actions[1].stub:as_lua(), "]")
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ lua> "\
         end
         return lua
     end
-    COMPILE_ACTIONS["1 all compile to 2"] = COMPILE_ACTIONS["1 compiles to 2"]"
+    COMPILE_ACTIONS["1 all compile to"] = COMPILE_ACTIONS["1 compiles to"]"
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -116,14 +116,14 @@ test:
     lua> "\
         ..if \%actions.type ~= "List" then \%actions = {\%actions, type="List"} end
         local fn_name = \%actions[1].stub:as_lua_id()
-        local \%args = table.map(\%actions[1]:get_args(), function(a) return nomsu:compile(a):as_smext() end)
+        local \%args = table.map(\%actions[1]:get_args(), function(a) return nomsu:compile(a):text() end)
         local lua = LuaCode(tree.source, fn_name, " = ", \(what (%args -> %body) compiles to))
         lua:add_free_vars({fn_name})
         for i=2,#\%actions do
             local alias = \%actions[i]
             local alias_name = alias.stub:as_lua_id()
             lua:add_free_vars({alias_name})
-            local \%alias_args = table.map(alias:get_args(), function(a) return nomsu:compile(a):as_smext() end)
+            local \%alias_args = table.map(alias:get_args(), function(a) return nomsu:compile(a):text() end)
             lua:append("\\n", alias_name, " = ")
             if utils.equivalent(\%args, \%alias_args) then
                 lua:append(fn_name)
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ test:
         return lua"
 
 test:
-    assume (((say %)'s meaning) == (=lua "say_1"))
+    assume (((say %)'s meaning) == (=lua "say"))
 (%action's meaning) compiles to (Lua value (%action.stub as lua id))
 
 test:
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ test:
         ..local replacements = {}
         if \%actions.type ~= "List" then \%actions = {\%actions, type="List"} end
         for i,arg in ipairs(\%actions[1]:get_args()) do
-            replacements[arg[1]] = nomsu:compile(arg):as_smext()
+            replacements[arg[1]] = nomsu:compile(arg):text()
         end
         local function make_tree(t)
             if SyntaxTree:is_instance(t) and t.type == "Var" then
@@ -192,14 +192,14 @@ test:
                         i = i + 1
                     elseif k == "source" then
                         ret[#ret+1] = k.."= "..tostring(v):as_lua()
-                    elseif lua_type_of_1(k) == 'string' and k:match("[_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*") then
+                    elseif lua_type_of(k) == 'string' and k:match("[_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*") then
                         ret[#ret+1] = k.."= "..make_tree(v)
                     else
                         ret[#ret+1] = "["..make_tree(k).."]= "..make_tree(v)
                     end
                 end
                 return "SyntaxTree{"..table.concat(ret, ", ").."}"
-            elseif lua_type_of_1(t) == 'number' then
+            elseif lua_type_of(t) == 'number' then
                 return tostring(t)
             else
                 return t:as_lua()
@@ -226,9 +226,6 @@ test:
 (%tree as lua return) compiles to (..)
     Lua value "nomsu:compile(\(%tree as lua expr)):as_statements('return ')"
 
-(remove action %action) compiles to (..)
-    Lua "\(=lua "(\(%action.stub)):as_lua_id()") = nil"
-
 test:
     assume ("\(\(foo \%x) as nomsu)" == "foo %x") or barf "\
         ..action source code failed."
@@ -240,11 +237,11 @@ test:
 
 externally [%var as lua identifier, %var as lua id] all mean:
     lua> "\
-        ..if lua_type_of_1(\%var) == 'string' then return \%var:as_lua_id()
+        ..if lua_type_of(\%var) == 'string' then return \%var:as_lua_id()
         elseif SyntaxTree:is_instance(\%var, 'Var') then return \%var[1]:as_lua_id()
         elseif SyntaxTree:is_instance(\%var) then
             local lua = \(%var as lua expr)
-            if not lua:as_smext():match("^[_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*$") then
+            if not lua:text():match("^[_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*$") then
                 nomsu:compile_error(\%var, "This is not a valid Lua identifier.")
             end
             return lua
diff --git a/core/operators.nom b/core/operators.nom
index bd93cd5..6d574b7 100644
--- a/core/operators.nom
+++ b/core/operators.nom
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ test:
     lua> "\
         ..local lua = LuaCode(tree.source, \%var_lua, ' = ', \%value_lua, ';')
         if \%var.type == 'Var' then
-            lua:add_free_vars({nomsu:compile(\%var):as_smext()})
+            lua:add_free_vars({nomsu:compile(\%var):text()})
         end
         return lua"
 
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ test:
             %value as text
         ..) end
             if \%target.type == "Var" then
-                lhs:add_free_vars({target_lua:as_smext()})
+                lhs:add_free_vars({target_lua:text()})
             end
             if i > 1 then
                 lhs:append(", ")
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ test:
 (with external %externs %body) compiles to:
     %body_lua = (%body as lua statements)
     lua> "\
-        ..\%body_lua:remove_free_vars(table.map(\%externs, function(v) return nomsu:compile(v):as_smext() end))"
+        ..\%body_lua:remove_free_vars(table.map(\%externs, function(v) return nomsu:compile(v):text() end))"
     return %body_lua
 
 test:
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ test:
             lhs:append(target_lua)
             rhs:append(value_lua)
             if \%target.type == "Var" then
-                vars[i] = target_lua:as_smext()
+                vars[i] = target_lua:text()
             end
         end
         \%lua:remove_free_vars(vars)
diff --git a/files.lua b/files.lua
index 48e047f..13679e3 100644
--- a/files.lua
+++ b/files.lua
@@ -181,6 +181,8 @@ Files.walk = function(path, flush_cache)
     files = {
       path
     }
+  elseif path:match("^[~/]") or path:match("^%./") or path:match("^%.%./") then
+    files = browse(path)
   else
     for nomsupath in package.nomsupath:gmatch("[^;]+") do
       do
diff --git a/files.moon b/files.moon
index e0fe02b..738c5f8 100644
--- a/files.moon
+++ b/files.moon
@@ -104,6 +104,8 @@ Files.walk = (path, flush_cache=false)->
     local files
     if path == 'stdin' or _SPOOFED_FILES[path]
         files = {path}
+    elseif path\match("^[~/]") or path\match("^%./") or path\match("^%.%./")
+        files = browse(path)
     else
         for nomsupath in package.nomsupath\gmatch("[^;]+")
             if files = browse(nomsupath.."/"..path) then break
diff --git a/lib/consolecolor.nom b/lib/consolecolor.nom
index e0e032d..fe7da4c 100644
--- a/lib/consolecolor.nom
+++ b/lib/consolecolor.nom
@@ -14,8 +14,10 @@ test:
 
 for %name = %colornum in %colors:
     %colornum = "\%colornum"
-    (=lua "COMPILE_ACTIONS").%name = (..)
+    #(=lua "COMPILE_ACTIONS").%name = (..)
         [%nomsu, %tree] -> (Lua value "'\\027[\(%colornum)m'")
-    (=lua "COMPILE_ACTIONS")."\%name 1" = (..)
-        [%nomsu, %tree, %text] -> (..)
-            Lua value "('\\027[\(%colornum)m'..\(%text as lua expr)..'\\027[0m')"
+    (=lua "COMPILE_ACTIONS")."\%name" = (..)
+        [%nomsu, %tree, %text] ->:
+            if %text:
+                return (Lua value "('\\027[\(%colornum)m'..\(%text as lua expr)..'\\027[0m')")
+            ..else: return (Lua value "'\\027[\(%colornum)m'")
diff --git a/lib/object.nom b/lib/object.nom
index 4f45188..d5555df 100644
--- a/lib/object.nom
+++ b/lib/object.nom
@@ -93,13 +93,13 @@ test:
                     __index=\(%parent as lua expr),
                     __tostring=function(cls) return cls.name end,
                     __call=function(cls, inst)
-                        inst = setmetatable(inst or {}, cls)
+                        if inst == nil then return cls end
+                        inst = setmetatable(inst, cls)
                         if inst.set_up then inst:set_up() end
                         return inst
                     end,
                 })
-                nomsu.environment[(class.name.." 1"):as_lua_id()] = class
-                nomsu.environment[class.name:as_lua_id()] = function() return class end
+                nomsu.environment[class.name:as_lua_id()] = class
                 class.__index = class
                 class.class = class
                 class.__tostring = function(inst)
diff --git a/nomnom/ast.nom b/nomnom/ast.nom
index 4d261aa..ef41b26 100644
--- a/nomnom/ast.nom
+++ b/nomnom/ast.nom
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ object (Syntax Tree):
         return %children
     
     my action [as lua] "\
-        ..a_Syntax_Tree_with_1(\(call ({} 's metatable).as_lua with [%me]))"
+        ..a_Syntax_Tree_with(\(call ({} 's metatable).as_lua with [%me]))"
     my action [as nomsu] "\
         ..(a Syntax Tree with \(call ({} 's metatable).as_nomsu with [%me]))"
     my action [as text] "\
@@ -86,4 +86,3 @@ object (Syntax Tree):
             unless ((% is text) or (%.type == "Comment")): %args::add %
         return %args
 
-(Syntax Tree).map = (Syntax Tree).map_1
diff --git a/nomnom/code_obj.nom b/nomnom/code_obj.nom
index 8379f36..c8d2784 100644
--- a/nomnom/code_obj.nom
+++ b/nomnom/code_obj.nom
@@ -2,103 +2,89 @@
 # This file contains objects that are used to track code positions and incrementally
     build up generated code, while keeping track of where it came from, and managing
     indentation levels.
-use "lib/object.nom"
+use "lib/things.nom"
 
-object (Hole):
-    externally (Hole from %lua) means:
-        return (Hole {lua:%lua})
-    my action [as lua]: return %me.lua
-    my action [as nomsu]:
-        return "(Hole {lua:\(%me.lua)})"
-    my action [as text]:
-        barf "Not implemented"
-    my action [as smext]:
-        barf "Must fill in holes before smexting"
+a (Code Buffer) is a thing:
+    that can (set up) by:
+        assume %its.source
+        %old_bits = (%its.bits if (%its.bits is a "List") else [%its.bits])
+        %its.bits = []
+        if (type of %its.source) is:
+            "Text":
+                %its.source = (Source from text %its.source)
+            "Syntax Tree":
+                %its.source = %its.source.source
 
-object (Code):
-    my action [set up]:
-        assume %me.source
-        %old_bits = (%me.bits if (%me.bits is a "List") else [%me.bits])
-        %me.bits = []
-        if (%me.source is text):
-            %me.source = (Source from text %me.source)
-        for % in %old_bits: %me::add %
+        for % in %old_bits: %its::add %
     
-    my action [as text]:
-        barf "Not implemented"
-    my action [as smext]:
-        if (%me.__str == (nil)):
-            set {%buff:[], %indent:0}
-            for %bit in %me.bits:
+    whose (text) means:
+        if (%its._text == (nil)):
+            %buff = []
+            %indent = 0
+            for %bit in %its.bits:
                 if (%bit is text):
                     %spaces = (%bit::matching "\n([ ]*)[^\n]*$")
                     if %spaces: %indent = (size of %spaces.1)
                 ..else:
-                    %bit = (%bit::as smext)
+                    %bit = (%bit::text)
                     if (%indent > 0):
                         %bit = (%bit::with "\n" -> "\n\(" "::* %indent)")
-                
                 %buff::add %bit
-            
-            %me.__str = (%buff::joined)
-        
-        return %me.__str
+            %its._text = (%buff::joined)
+        return %its._text
     
-    my action [as lua]:
-        barf
-        return "\
-            ..\(%me.class.name::as lua id)_from_1_2(\(..)
-                (%me.source::as lua) if %me.source else "nil"
-            .., \(%me.bits::as lua))"
+    whose (lua code) means "\
+            ..a_\(%its.class.name::as lua id)_with{source=\(..)
+                (%its.source::as lua) if %its.source else "nil"
+            .., \(%its.bits::as lua)}"
     
-    my action [as nomsu] "\
-        ..(\(%me.class.name) \((%me.source::as nomsu) if %me.source else "(nil)") \(..)
-            %me.bits::as nomsu
-        ..)"
+    whose (nomsu code) means "\
+        ..(a \(%its.class.name) with {source: \((%its.source::as nomsu) if %its.source else "(nil)"), bits: \(..)
+            %its.bits::as nomsu
+        ..})"
     
-    my action [size] (size of (%me::as smext))
-    my action [mark as dirty]:
-        %me.__str = (nil)
-        %me._trailing_line_len = (nil)
-        %me._num_lines = (nil)
+    whose (size) means (size of (%its::text))
+
+    that can (mark as dirty) by:
+        %its._text = (nil)
+        %its._trailing_line_len = (nil)
+        %its._num_lines = (nil)
     
-    my action [add %new_bits]:
+    that can (add %new_bits) by:
         unless (%new_bits is a "List"):
             %new_bits = [%new_bits]
         for % in %new_bits:
             if (% == ""): do next %
-            
             #if ((% isn't text) and (% isn't a (Code))):
                 % = (%::as lua)
-            %me.bits::add %
-        
-        %me::mark as dirty
+            %its.bits::add %
+        %its::mark as dirty
     
-    my action [trailing line length]:
-        if (%me._trailing_line_len == (nil)):
-            %me._trailing_line_len = (size of ((%me::as smext)::matching "[^\n]*$"))
-        return %me._trailing_line_len
+    whose (trailing line length) means:
+        if (%its._trailing_line_len == (nil)):
+            %its._trailing_line_len = (size of ((%its::text)::matching "[^\n]*$"))
+        return %its._trailing_line_len
     
-    my action [number of lines]:
-        unless %me._num_lines:
+    whose (number of lines) means:
+        unless %its._num_lines:
             %num_lines = 1
-            for % in %me:
+            for % in %its:
                 if (% is text):
                     %num_lines += (size of (%::all matches of "\n"))
                 ..else:
                     %num_lines += ((%::number of lines) - 1)
             
-            %me._num_lines = %num_lines
+            %its._num_lines = %num_lines
         
-        return %me._num_lines
+        return %its._num_lines
     
-    my action [is multiline, is multi-line] ((%me::number of lines) > 1)
-    my action [is one line, is single line] ((%me::number of lines) == 1)
-    my action [add %values joined with %joiner]:
-        %me::add %values joined with %joiner or %joiner
-    my action [add %values joined with %joiner or %wrapping_joiner]:
+    whose [is multiline, is multi-line] all mean ((%its::number of lines) > 1)
+    whose [is one line, is single line] all mean ((%its::number of lines) == 1)
+    that can (add %values joined with %joiner) by:
+        %its::add %values joined with %joiner or %joiner
+    that can [add %values joined with %joiner or %wrapping_joiner] by:
         %line_len = 0
-        %bits = %me.bits
+        %bits = %its.bits
         for %value in %values at %i:
             if (%i > 1):
                 if (%line_len > 80):
@@ -108,65 +94,71 @@ object (Code):
             
             %bits::add %value
             unless (%value is text):
-                %value = (%value::as smext)
+                %value = (%value::text)
             %line = (%value::matching "\n([^\n]*)$")
             if %line:
                 %line_len = (size of %line)
             ..else:
                 %line_len += (size of %value)
-        
-        %me::mark as dirty
+        %its::mark as dirty
     
-    my action [prepend %]:
-        #if ((% isn't text) and (% isn't a %me.__type)):
+    that can (prepend %) by:
+        #if ((% isn't text) and (% isn't a %its.__type)):
             % = (%::as lua)
-        %me.bits::add % at index 1
-        %me::mark as dirty
+        %its.bits::add % at index 1
+        %its::mark as dirty
     
-    my action [parenthesize]:
-        %me.bits::add "(" at index 1
-        %me.bits::add ")"
-        %me::mark as dirty
+    that can (parenthesize) by:
+        %its.bits::add "(" at index 1
+        %its.bits::add ")"
+        %its::mark as dirty
 
-object (Lua Code) extends (Code):
-    my action [add free vars %vars]:
+a (Lua Buffer) is a thing:
+    that has [..]
+        text, lua code, nomsu code, trailing line length, size, number of lines,
+        is multiline, is multi-line, is one line, is single line, 
+    ..like a (Code Buffer)
+    that can [..]
+        set up, mark as dirty, add %, prepend %, parenthesize,
+        add % joined with %, add % joined with % or %,
+    ..like a (Code Buffer)
+
+    that can (add free vars %vars) by:
         if ((size of %vars) == 0): return
-        %seen = (%v = (yes) for %v in %me.free_vars)
+        %seen = (%v = (yes) for %v in %its.free_vars)
         for %var in %vars:
             assume (%var is text)
             unless %seen.%var:
-                %me.free_vars::add %var
+                %its.free_vars::add %var
                 %seen.%var = (yes)
         
-        %me::mark as dirty
+        %its::mark as dirty
     
-    my action [remove free vars %vars]:
+    that can (remove free vars %vars) by:
         if ((size of %vars) == 0): return
         %removals = {}
         for %var in %vars:
             assume (%var is text)
             %removals.%var = (yes)
         
-        %stack = [%me]
+        %stack = [%its]
         repeat while ((size of %stack) > 0):
             %lua = (%stack::pop)
             for %i in (size of %lua.free_vars) to 1 by -1:
                 if %removals.(%lua.free_vars.%i):
-                    lua> "table.remove(\%lua.free_vars, \%i)"
-                    #TODO: reinstate this
-                    #%lua.free_vars::remove at index %i
-                    
+                    %lua.free_vars::remove at index %i
             
             for % in %lua.bits:
                 unless (% is text): %stack::add %
         
-        %me::mark as dirty
+        %its::mark as dirty
     
-    my action [declare locals] (%me::declare locals (nil))
-    my action [declare locals %to_declare]:
+    that can (declare locals) by (%its::declare locals (nil))
+    that can (declare locals %to_declare) by:
         unless %to_declare:
-            set {%to_declare:[], %seen:{}}
-            for %lua in recursive %me:
+            %to_declare = []
+            %seen = {}
+            for %lua in recursive %its:
                 for %var in %lua.free_vars:
                     unless %seen.%var:
                         %seen.%var = (yes)
@@ -176,70 +168,43 @@ object (Lua Code) extends (Code):
                     unless (% is text): recurse %lua on %
         
         if ((size of %to_declare) > 0):
-            %me::remove free vars %to_declare
-            %me::prepend "local \(%to_declare::joined with ", ");\n"
+            %its::remove free vars %to_declare
+            %its::prepend "local \(%to_declare::joined with ", ");\n"
         return %to_declare
     
-    my action [as statements] (%me::as statements "" ";")
-    my action [as statements %prefix] (%me::as statements %prefix ";")
-    my action [as statements %prefix %suffix]:
-        unless %me.is_value: return %me
-        %statements = (Lua Code from %me.source [])
+    whose (as statements) means (%its::as statements with "")
+    whose (as statements with %prefix) means:
+        unless %its.is_value: return %its
+        %statements = (a Lua Buffer with {source:%its.source})
         if ((%prefix or "") != ""):
             %statements::add %prefix
-        %statements::add %me
-        if (%suffix != ""):
-            %statements::add (%suffix or ";")
+        %statements::add %its
+        %statements::add ";"
         return %statements
     
-    my action [variables]:
+    that can (mark as value) by:
+        %its.is_value = (yes)
+    
+    that can (mark as variable) by:
+        %its.is_variable = (yes)
+        %its.is_value = (yes)
+    
+    that can (variables) by:
         %vars = []
-        for %code in recursive %me:
+        for %code in recursive %its:
             if %code.is_variable:
-                %vars::add (%code::as smext)
+                %vars::add (%code::text)
             for % in %code.bits:
                 unless (% is text): recurse %code on %
         
         return %vars
     
-    externally (Lua Code from %source %bits) means:
-        assume %source
-        unless (%bits is a "List"): %bits = [%bits]
-        if (%source is a "Syntax Tree"):
-            %source = %source.source
-        return (Lua Code {source:%source, bits:%bits, is_value:no, free_vars:[]})
-    
-    externally (Lua Code from %source) means (Lua Code from %source [])
-    externally (Lua Value from %source %bits) means:
-        assume %source
-        unless (%bits is a "List"): %bits = [%bits]
-        if (%source is a "Syntax Tree"):
-            %source = %source.source
-        return (Lua Code {source:%source, bits:%bits, is_value:yes, free_vars:[]})
-    
-    externally (Lua Value from %source) means (Lua Value from %source [])
-    externally (Lua Variable from %source) means (Lua Variable from %source [])
-    externally (Lua Variable from %source %bits) means:
-        assume %source
-        unless (%bits is a "List"): %bits = [%bits]
-        if (%source is a "Syntax Tree"):
-            %source = %source.source
-        return (..)
-            Lua Code {..}
-                source:%source, bits:%bits, is_value:yes, is_variable:yes, free_vars:[]
-
-# TODO: remove this shim
-(Lua Code).add_free_vars = (Lua Code).add_free_vars_1
-(Lua Code).remove_free_vars = (Lua Code).remove_free_vars_1
-(Lua Code).declare_locals = (Lua Code).declare_locals_1
-(Lua Code).as_statements = (Lua Code).as_statements_1_2
-object (Nomsu Code) extends (Code):
-    externally (Nomsu Code from %source %bits) means:
-        if (%bits is text): %bits = [%bits]
-        if (%source is a "Syntax Tree"):
-            %source = %source.source
-        return (Nomsu Code {source:%source, bits:%bits})
-    
-    externally (Nomsu Code from %source) means (Nomsu Code from %source [])
-    externally (Nomsu Code %bits) means (Nomsu Code from (nil) %bits)
-    externally (Nomsu Code) means (Nomsu Code from (nil) [])
+a (Nomsu Buffer) is a thing:
+    that has [..]
+        text, lua code, nomsu code, trailing line length, size, number of lines,
+        is multiline, is multi-line, is one line, is single line, 
+    ..like a (Code Buffer)
+    that can [..]
+        set up, mark as dirty, add %, prepend %, parenthesize,
+        add % joined with %, add % joined with % or %,
+    ..like a (Code Buffer)
diff --git a/nomnom/compile.nom b/nomnom/compile.nom
index 70f32b8..8241ef2 100644
--- a/nomnom/compile.nom
+++ b/nomnom/compile.nom
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ externally (%tree compiled with %compile_actions) means:
                 # TODO: restore this:
                 #%args = [%tree, %compile_actions]
                 %args = [%nomsu, %tree]
-                for % in (%tree::get args): %args::add %
+                for % in (%tree::arguments): %args::add %
                 %result = (call %compile_action with %args)
                 if (%result == (nil)):
                     report compile error at %tree "\
@@ -64,13 +64,13 @@ externally (%tree compiled with %compile_actions) means:
                 
                 return %result
             
-            %lua = (Lua Value from %tree)
+            %lua = (a Lua Buffer with {source:%tree})
             if %tree.target:
                 # Method call
                 %target_lua = (%tree.target compiled with %compile_actions)
                 if (..)
-                    ((%target_lua::as smext)::matches "^%(.*%)$") or (..)
-                        (%target_lua::as smext)::matches "^[_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*$"
+                    ((%target_lua::text)::matches "^%(.*%)$") or (..)
+                        (%target_lua::text)::matches "^[_a-zA-Z][_a-zA-Z0-9]*$"
                 ..:
                     %lua::add [%target_lua, ":"]
                 ..else:
@@ -93,14 +93,14 @@ externally (%tree compiled with %compile_actions) means:
                         if ((size of %values) == 1):
                             %arg_lua = %values.1
                         ..else:
-                            %arg_lua = (Lua Value from %tok ["("])
+                            %arg_lua = (a Lua Buffer with {source:%tok, is_value:yes, bits:["("]})
                             %arg_lua::add %values joined with " and nil or "
                             %arg_lua::add ")"
                     ..else:
-                        %arg_lua = (Lua Value from %tok ["((function()"])
+                        %arg_lua = (a Lua Buffer with {source:%tok, is_value:yes, bits:["((function()"]})
                         for %v in %values at %i:
                             if %v.is_value:
-                                %v = (%v::as statements ("return " if (%i == (size of %values) else "")))
+                                %v = (%v::as statements with ("return " if (%i == (size of %values) else "")))
                             %arg_lua::add ["\n    ", %v]
                         
                         %arg_lua::add "\nend)())"
@@ -124,8 +124,7 @@ externally (%tree compiled with %compile_actions) means:
             return %lua
         
         "EscapedNomsu":
-            #return (Lua Value from %tree ((%tree.1)::as lua))
-            %lua = (Lua Value from %tree ["a_Syntax_Tree_with_1{type=", quote %tree.(1).type])
+            %lua = (a Lua Buffer with {source:%tree, is_value:yes, bits:["a_Syntax_Tree_with{type=", quote %tree.(1).type]})
             set {%needs_comma:no, %i:1}
             (% as shmua) means:
                 if (% is a "Lua number"): return "\%"
@@ -152,7 +151,7 @@ externally (%tree compiled with %compile_actions) means:
             return %lua
         
         "Block":
-            %lua = (Lua Code from %tree)
+            %lua = (a Lua Buffer with {source:%tree})
             %lua::add (..)
                 ((%line compiled with %compile_actions)::as statements) for %line in %tree
             ..joined with "\n"
@@ -160,7 +159,7 @@ externally (%tree compiled with %compile_actions) means:
             return %lua
         
         "Text":
-            %lua = (Lua Value from %tree)
+            %lua = (a Lua Buffer with {source:%tree})
             %lua_bits = []
             %string_buffer = ""
             for % in %tree:
@@ -178,7 +177,7 @@ externally (%tree compiled with %compile_actions) means:
                         ..Can't use this as a string interpolation value, since it doesn't have a value."
                 
                 if (%.type != "Text"):
-                    %bit_lua = (Lua Value from % ["tostring(", %bit_lua, ")"])
+                    %bit_lua = (a Lua Buffer with {source:%, is_value:yes, bits:["tostring(", %bit_lua, ")"]})
                 %lua_bits::add %bit_lua
             
             if ((%string_buffer != "") or ((size of %lua_bits) == 0)):
@@ -188,13 +187,13 @@ externally (%tree compiled with %compile_actions) means:
             return %lua
         
         "List":
-            %lua = (Lua Value from %tree ["List{"])
+            %lua = (a Lua Buffer with {source:%tree, is_value:yes, bits:["List{"]})
             %lua::add ((% compiled with %compile_actions) for % in %tree) joined with ", " or ",\n  "
             %lua::add "}"
             return %lua
         
         "Dict":
-            %lua = (Lua Value from %tree ["Dict{"])
+            %lua = (a Lua Buffer with {source:%tree, is_value:yes, bits:["Dict{"]})
             %lua::add ((% compiled with %compile_actions) for % in %tree) joined with ", " or ",\n  "
             %lua::add "}"
             return %lua
@@ -208,24 +207,24 @@ externally (%tree compiled with %compile_actions) means:
             
             %value_lua = (..)
                 (%value compiled with %compile_actions) if %value else (..)
-                    Lua Value from %key ["true"]
+                    a Lua Buffer with {source:%key, is_value:yes, bits:["true"]}
             
             unless %value_lua.is_value:
                 report compile error at %tree.2 "\
                     ..Can't use this as a dict value, since it's not an expression."
             
-            %key_str = ((%key_lua::as smext)::matching "^[\"']([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*)['\"]$")
+            %key_str = ((%key_lua::text)::matching "^[\"']([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*)['\"]$")
             if:
                 %key_str:
-                    return (Lua Code from %tree [%key_str, "=", %value_lua])
-                ((%key_lua::as smext).1 == "["):
+                    return (a Lua Buffer with {source:%tree, bits:[%key_str, "=", %value_lua]})
+                ((%key_lua::text).1 == "["):
                     # NOTE: this *must* use a space after the [ to avoid freaking out
                         Lua's parser if the inner expression is a long string. Lua
                         parses x[[[y]]] as x("[y]"), not as x["y"]
-                    return (Lua Code from %tree ["[ ", %key_lua, "]=", %value_lua])
+                    return (a Lua Buffer with {source:%tree, bits:["[ ", %key_lua, "]=", %value_lua]})
                 
                 else:
-                    return (Lua Code from %tree ["[", %key_lua, "]=", %value_lua])
+                    return (a Lua Buffer with {source:%tree, bits:["[", %key_lua, "]=", %value_lua]})
         
         "IndexChain":
             %lua = (%tree.1 compiled with %compile_actions)
@@ -233,7 +232,7 @@ externally (%tree compiled with %compile_actions) means:
                 report compile error at %tree.1 "\
                     ..Can't index into this, since it's not an expression."
             
-            %first_char = (%lua::as smext).1
+            %first_char = (%lua::text).1
             if (any of [%first_char == "{", %first_char == "\"", %first_char == "["]):
                 %lua::parenthesize
             for %i in 2 to (size of %tree):
@@ -243,7 +242,7 @@ externally (%tree compiled with %compile_actions) means:
                     report compile error at %key "\
                         ..Can't use this as an index, since it's not an expression."
                 
-                %key_lua_str = (%key_lua::as smext)
+                %key_lua_str = (%key_lua::text)
                 %lua_id = (%key_lua_str::matching "^['\"]([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*)['\"]$")
                 if:
                     %lua_id:
@@ -260,16 +259,16 @@ externally (%tree compiled with %compile_actions) means:
             return %lua
         
         "Number":
-            return (Lua Value from %tree ["\(%tree.1)"])
+            return (a Lua Buffer with {source:%tree, is_value:yes, bits:["\(%tree.1)"]})
         "Var":
-            return (Lua Variable from %tree [%tree.1::as lua id])
+            return (a Lua Buffer with {source:%tree, is_value:yes, is_variable:yes, bits:[%tree.1::as lua id]})
         "FileChunks":
             barf "\
                 ..Can't convert FileChunks to a single block of lua, since each chunk's compilation depends on the earlier chunks"
         
         "Comment":
             # TODO: de-implement?
-            return (Lua Code from %tree "-- \(%tree.1::with "\n" -> "\n-- ")")
+            return (a Lua Buffer with {source:%tree, bits:["-- \(%tree.1::with "\n" -> "\n-- ")"]})
         
         "Error":
             barf (%tree as a pretty error)
diff --git a/nomnom/decompile.nom b/nomnom/decompile.nom
index 7db61c8..11ec233 100644
--- a/nomnom/decompile.nom
+++ b/nomnom/decompile.nom
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ externally (%tree decompiled inline) means:
     assume (%tree is a "Syntax Tree")
     if %tree.type is:
         "Action":
-            %nomsu = (Nomsu Code from %tree)
+            %nomsu = (a Nomsu Buffer with {source: %tree})
             if %tree.target:
                 %target_nomsu = (%tree.target decompiled inline)
                 if %tree.target.type is:
@@ -44,17 +44,17 @@ externally (%tree decompiled inline) means:
             ..:
                 %inner_nomsu::parenthesize
             
-            %nomsu = (Nomsu Code from %tree ["\\", %inner_nomsu])
+            %nomsu = (a Nomsu Buffer with {source: %tree, bits: ["\\", %inner_nomsu]})
             return %nomsu
         
         "Block":
-            %nomsu = (Nomsu Code from %tree [":"])
+            %nomsu = (a Nomsu Buffer with {source: %tree, bits: [":"]})
             for %line in %tree at %i:
                 %nomsu::add [" " if (%i == 1) else "; ", %line decompiled inline]
             return %nomsu
         
         "Text":
-            %nomsu = (Nomsu Code from %tree [])
+            %nomsu = (a Nomsu Buffer with {source: %tree, bits: []})
             for %text in recursive %tree:
                 for %bit in %text at %i:
                     if (%bit is text): %nomsu::add %bit
@@ -78,10 +78,10 @@ externally (%tree decompiled inline) means:
                             else:
                                 %nomsu::add ["\\(", %bit decompiled inline, ")"]
             
-            return (Nomsu Code from %tree ["\"", %nomsu, "\""])
+            return (a Nomsu Buffer with {source: %tree, bits: ["\"", %nomsu, "\""]})
         
         "List" "Dict":
-            %nomsu = (Nomsu Code from %tree ["[" if (%tree.type == "List") else "{"])
+            %nomsu = (a Nomsu Buffer with {source: %tree, bits: ["[" if (%tree.type == "List") else "{"]})
             for %item in %tree at %i:
                 if (%i > 1): %nomsu::add ", "
                 %nomsu::add (%item decompiled inline)
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ externally (%tree decompiled inline) means:
             if (..)
                 all of [%key.type == "Text", (size of %key) == 1, %key.1 is a nomsu identifier]
             ..:
-                %nomsu = (Nomsu Code from %key [%key.1])
+                %nomsu = (a Nomsu Buffer with {source: %key, bits: [%key.1]})
             ..else:
                 %nomsu = (%key decompiled inline)
             
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ externally (%tree decompiled inline) means:
             return %nomsu
         
         "IndexChain":
-            %nomsu = (Nomsu Code from %tree)
+            %nomsu = (a Nomsu Buffer with {source: %tree})
             for %bit in %tree at %i:
                 if (%i > 1): %nomsu::add "."
                 if (..)
@@ -128,9 +128,9 @@ externally (%tree decompiled inline) means:
             return %nomsu
         
         "Number":
-            return (Nomsu Code from %tree [(%tree.1 as hex) if %tree.hex else "\(%tree.1)"])
+            return (a Nomsu Buffer with {source: %tree, bits: [(%tree.1 as hex) if %tree.hex else "\(%tree.1)"]})
         "Var":
-            return (Nomsu Code from %tree ["%\(%tree.1)"])
+            return (a Nomsu Buffer with {source: %tree, bits: ["%\(%tree.1)"]})
         "Comment": return (nil)
         "FileChunks":
             barf "Can't inline a FileChunks"
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ externally (%tree decompiled inline) means:
 
 %MAX_LINE = 90
 externally (%tree decompiled) means:
-    %nomsu = (Nomsu Code from %tree)
+    %nomsu = (a Nomsu Buffer with {source: %tree})
     
     # For concision:
     (recurse on %t) means:
@@ -167,8 +167,7 @@ externally (%tree decompiled) means:
         %indented = (%t decompiled)
         if (%t.type == "Action"):
             %indented = (..)
-                Nomsu Code from %t [..]
-                    "(..)\n    ", %indented
+                a Nomsu Buffer with {source: %t, bits: ["(..)\n    ", %indented]}
         
         return %indented
     
@@ -253,13 +252,12 @@ externally (%tree decompiled) means:
                     ..else: %nomsu::add "\n"
             
             return (..)
-                Nomsu Code from %tree [..]
-                    ":\n    ", %nomsu
+                a Nomsu Buffer with {source: %tree, bits: [":\n    ", %nomsu]}
         
         "Text":
             # Multi-line text has more generous wrap margins
             %max_line = ((1.5 * %MAX_LINE) rounded down)
-            %nomsu = (Nomsu Code from %tree)
+            %nomsu = (a Nomsu Buffer with {source: %tree})
             (add text from %tree) means:
                 for %bit in %tree at %i:
                     if (%bit is text):
@@ -301,8 +299,7 @@ externally (%tree decompiled) means:
             
             add text from %tree
             return (..)
-                Nomsu Code from %tree [..]
-                    "\"\\\n    ..", %nomsu, "\""
+                a Nomsu Buffer with {source: %tree, bits: ["\"\\\n    ..", %nomsu, "\""]}
         
         "List" "Dict":
             if ((size of %tree) == 0):
@@ -321,9 +318,9 @@ externally (%tree decompiled) means:
                     ..else: %nomsu::add ", "
             
             return (..)
-                Nomsu Code from %tree [..]
-                    "[..]\n    " if (%tree.type == "List") else "{..}\n    "
-                    %nomsu
+                a Nomsu Buffer with {..}
+                    source: %tree, bits: [..]
+                        "[..]\n    " if (%tree.type == "List") else "{..}\n    ", %nomsu
         
         "DictEntry":
             set {%key:%tree.1, %value:%tree.2}
diff --git a/nomnom/parser.nom b/nomnom/parser.nom
index 13d6112..fe237e8 100644
--- a/nomnom/parser.nom
+++ b/nomnom/parser.nom
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ set {..}
             %source = (..)
                 Source {filename:%userdata.filename, start:%t.start, stop:%t.stop}
             set {%t.start: nil, %t.stop: nil, %t.source: %source}
-            %t = (Syntax Tree %t)
+            %t = (a Syntax Tree with %t)
             (Syntax Tree).source_code_for_tree.%t = %userdata.source
             return %t
     ..with fallback %key ->:
diff --git a/nomsu.moon b/nomsu.moon
index c4a96f1..2c4d21f 100755
--- a/nomsu.moon
+++ b/nomsu.moon
@@ -212,6 +212,7 @@ say "\
             
             buff = table.concat(buff)
 
+            -- TODO: support local variables
             pseudo_filename = "user input #"..repl_line
             Files.spoof(pseudo_filename, buff)
             err_hand = (error_message)->
diff --git a/nomsu_compiler.lua b/nomsu_compiler.lua
index 848999a..67e9621 100644
--- a/nomsu_compiler.lua
+++ b/nomsu_compiler.lua
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ do
     return false
   end
   NomsuCompiler.environment = {
-    NOMSU_COMPILER_VERSION = 10,
+    NOMSU_COMPILER_VERSION = 11,
     NOMSU_SYNTAX_VERSION = max_parser_version,
     next = next,
     unpack = unpack,
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ do
     assert = assert,
     dofile = dofile,
     loadstring = loadstring,
-    lua_type_of_1 = type,
+    lua_type_of = type,
     select = select,
     math = math,
     io = io,
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ do
     end
     return operate_on_text(code)
   end
-  local math_expression = re.compile([[ ([+-] " ")* [0-9]+ (" " [*/^+-] (" " [+-])* " " [0-9]+)+ !. ]])
+  local math_expression = re.compile([[ (([*/^+-] / [0-9]+) " ")* [*/^+-] !. ]])
   local compile_math_expression
   compile_math_expression = function(self, tree, ...)
     local lua = LuaCode.Value(tree.source)
@@ -431,34 +431,36 @@ do
   end
   NomsuCompiler.environment.COMPILE_ACTIONS = setmetatable({
     __imported = Dict({ }),
-    ["Lua 1"] = function(self, tree, code)
+    ["Lua"] = function(self, tree, code)
       return add_lua_string_bits(self, 'statements', code)
     end,
-    ["Lua value 1"] = function(self, tree, code)
+    ["Lua value"] = function(self, tree, code)
       return add_lua_string_bits(self, 'value', code)
     end,
-    ["lua > 1"] = function(self, tree, code)
+    ["lua >"] = function(self, tree, code)
       if code.type ~= "Text" then
         return LuaCode(tree.source, "nomsu:run_lua(", self:compile(code), ", nomsu);")
       end
       return add_lua_bits(self, "statements", code)
     end,
-    ["= lua 1"] = function(self, tree, code)
+    ["= lua"] = function(self, tree, code)
       if code.type ~= "Text" then
         return LuaCode.Value(tree.source, "nomsu:run_lua(", self:compile(code), ":as_statements('return '), nomsu)")
       end
       return add_lua_bits(self, "value", code)
     end,
-    ["use 1"] = function(self, tree, path)
+    ["use"] = function(self, tree, path)
       if path.type == 'Text' and #path == 1 and type(path[1]) == 'string' then
-        self:import_file(path[1])
+        if not (self:import_file(path[1])) then
+          self:compile_error(tree, "Could not find anything to import for " .. tostring(path))
+        end
       end
       return LuaCode(tree.source, "nomsu:import_file(" .. tostring(self:compile(path)) .. ")")
     end,
     ["tests"] = function(self, tree)
       return LuaCode.Value(tree.source, "TESTS")
     end,
-    ["test 1"] = function(self, tree, body)
+    ["test"] = function(self, tree, body)
       local test_str = table.concat((function()
         local _accum_0 = { }
         local _len_0 = 1
@@ -516,11 +518,14 @@ do
     end
   end
   NomsuCompiler.import_file = function(self, path)
+    local found = false
     for _, f in Files.walk(path) do
       if match(f, "%.lua$") or match(f, "%.nom$") or match(f, "^/dev/fd/[012]$") then
+        found = true
         self:import(self:run_file(f))
       end
     end
+    return found
   end
   NomsuCompiler.run = function(self, to_run, compile_actions)
     local source = to_run.source or Source(to_run, 1, #to_run)
@@ -673,7 +678,7 @@ do
         local get_version = self[("Nomsu version"):as_lua_id()]
         if get_version then
           do
-            local upgrade = self[("1 upgraded from 2 to 3"):as_lua_id()]
+            local upgrade = self[("1 upgraded from 2 to"):as_lua_id()]
             if upgrade then
               tree = upgrade(tree, tree.version, get_version())
             end
@@ -1273,13 +1278,13 @@ do
       local should_clump
       should_clump = function(prev_line, line)
         if prev_line.type == "Action" and line.type == "Action" then
-          if prev_line.stub == "use 1" then
-            return line.stub == "use 1"
+          if prev_line.stub == "use" then
+            return line.stub == "use"
           end
-          if prev_line.stub == "test 1" then
+          if prev_line.stub == "test" then
             return true
           end
-          if line.stub == "test 1" then
+          if line.stub == "test" then
             return false
           end
         end
diff --git a/nomsu_compiler.moon b/nomsu_compiler.moon
index cbddf51..a1194d9 100644
--- a/nomsu_compiler.moon
+++ b/nomsu_compiler.moon
@@ -93,12 +93,12 @@ with NomsuCompiler
 
     -- Discretionary/convenience stuff
     .environment = {
-        NOMSU_COMPILER_VERSION: 10, NOMSU_SYNTAX_VERSION: max_parser_version
+        NOMSU_COMPILER_VERSION: 11, NOMSU_SYNTAX_VERSION: max_parser_version
         -- Lua stuff:
         :next, :unpack, :setmetatable, :coroutine, :rawequal, :getmetatable, :pcall,
         :error, :package, :os, :require, :tonumber, :tostring, :string, :xpcall, :module,
         :print, :loadfile, :rawset, :_VERSION, :collectgarbage, :rawget, :rawlen,
-        :table, :assert, :dofile, :loadstring, lua_type_of_1:type, :select, :math, :io, :load,
+        :table, :assert, :dofile, :loadstring, lua_type_of:type, :select, :math, :io, :load,
         :pairs, :ipairs,
         -- Nomsu types:
         _List:List, _Dict:Dict,
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ with NomsuCompiler
     -- This is a bit of a hack, but this code handles arbitrarily complex
     -- math expressions like 2*x + 3^2 without having to define a single
     -- action for every possibility.
-    math_expression = re.compile [[ ([+-] " ")* [0-9]+ (" " [*/^+-] (" " [+-])* " " [0-9]+)+ !. ]]
+    math_expression = re.compile [[ (([*/^+-] / [0-9]+) " ")* [*/^+-] !. ]]
     compile_math_expression = (tree, ...)=>
         lua = LuaCode.Value(tree.source)
         for i,tok in ipairs tree
@@ -242,29 +242,30 @@ with NomsuCompiler
         return lua
     .environment.COMPILE_ACTIONS = setmetatable({
         __imported: Dict{}
-        ["Lua 1"]: (tree, code)=>
+        ["Lua"]: (tree, code)=>
             return add_lua_string_bits(@, 'statements', code)
     
-        ["Lua value 1"]: (tree, code)=>
+        ["Lua value"]: (tree, code)=>
             return add_lua_string_bits(@, 'value', code)
 
-        ["lua > 1"]: (tree, code)=>
+        ["lua >"]: (tree, code)=>
             if code.type != "Text"
                 return LuaCode tree.source, "nomsu:run_lua(", @compile(code), ", nomsu);"
             return add_lua_bits(@, "statements", code)
 
-        ["= lua 1"]: (tree, code)=>
+        ["= lua"]: (tree, code)=>
             if code.type != "Text"
                 return LuaCode.Value tree.source, "nomsu:run_lua(", @compile(code), ":as_statements('return '), nomsu)"
             return add_lua_bits(@, "value", code)
 
-        ["use 1"]: (tree, path)=>
+        ["use"]: (tree, path)=>
             if path.type == 'Text' and #path == 1 and type(path[1]) == 'string'
-                @import_file(path[1])
+                unless @import_file(path[1])
+                    @compile_error tree, "Could not find anything to import for #{path}"
             return LuaCode(tree.source, "nomsu:import_file(#{@compile(path)})")
 
         ["tests"]: (tree)=> LuaCode.Value(tree.source, "TESTS")
-        ["test 1"]: (tree, body)=>
+        ["test"]: (tree, body)=>
             test_str = table.concat [tostring(@tree_to_nomsu(line)) for line in *body], "\n"
             LuaCode tree.source, "TESTS[#{tostring(tree.source)\as_lua!}] = ", test_str\as_lua!
 
@@ -290,9 +291,12 @@ with NomsuCompiler
             @environment.COMPILE_ACTIONS.__imported[k] or= v
 
     .import_file = (path)=>
+        found = false
         for _,f in Files.walk(path)
             if match(f, "%.lua$") or match(f, "%.nom$") or match(f, "^/dev/fd/[012]$")
+                found = true
                 @import(@run_file(f))
+        return found
 
     .run = (to_run, compile_actions)=>
         source = to_run.source or Source(to_run, 1, #to_run)
@@ -394,7 +398,7 @@ with NomsuCompiler
         compile_actions or= @environment.COMPILE_ACTIONS
         if tree.version
             if get_version = @[("Nomsu version")\as_lua_id!]
-                if upgrade = @[("1 upgraded from 2 to 3")\as_lua_id!]
+                if upgrade = @[("1 upgraded from 2 to")\as_lua_id!]
                     tree = upgrade(tree, tree.version, get_version!)
         switch tree.type
             when "Action"
@@ -787,9 +791,9 @@ with NomsuCompiler
                 nomsu = NomsuCode(tree.source, pop_comments(tree.source.start))
                 should_clump = (prev_line, line)->
                     if prev_line.type == "Action" and line.type == "Action"
-                        if prev_line.stub == "use 1" then return line.stub == "use 1"
-                        if prev_line.stub == "test 1" then return true
-                        if line.stub == "test 1" then return false
+                        if prev_line.stub == "use" then return line.stub == "use"
+                        if prev_line.stub == "test" then return true
+                        if line.stub == "test" then return false
                     return not recurse(prev_line)\is_multiline!
                 for chunk_no, chunk in ipairs tree
                     nomsu\append "\n\n#{("~")\rep(80)}\n\n" if chunk_no > 1
diff --git a/string2.lua b/string2.lua
index 8e13171..cf86026 100644
--- a/string2.lua
+++ b/string2.lua
@@ -78,6 +78,9 @@ local string2 = {
     end
     return _accum_0
   end,
+  starts_with = function(self, s)
+    return sub(self, 1, #s) == s
+  end,
   lines = function(self)
     local _accum_0 = { }
     local _len_0 = 1
@@ -114,10 +117,10 @@ local string2 = {
     for _index_0 = 1, #_list_0 do
       local line = _list_0[_index_0]
       while #line > maxlen do
-        local chunk = line:sub(1, maxlen)
-        local split = chunk:find(' ', maxlen - buffer, true) or maxlen
-        chunk = line:sub(1, split)
-        line = line:sub(split + 1, -1)
+        local chunk = sub(line, 1, maxlen)
+        local split = find(chunk, ' ', maxlen - buffer, true) or maxlen
+        chunk = sub(line, 1, split)
+        line = sub(line, split + 1, -1)
         lines[#lines + 1] = chunk
       end
       lines[#lines + 1] = line
@@ -151,14 +154,14 @@ local string2 = {
         return format("x%02X", byte(c))
       end
     end)
-    if not (is_lua_id(str:match("^_*(.*)$"))) then
+    if not (is_lua_id(match(str, "^_*(.*)$"))) then
       str = "_" .. str
     end
     return str
   end,
   from_lua_id = function(str)
-    if not (is_lua_id(str:match("^_*(.*)$"))) then
-      str = str:sub(2, -1)
+    if not (is_lua_id(match(str, "^_*(.*)$"))) then
+      str = sub(str, 2, -1)
     end
     str = gsub(str, "_", " ")
     str = gsub(str, "x([0-9A-F][0-9A-F])", function(hex)
diff --git a/string2.moon b/string2.moon
index d70abe6..e4ee482 100644
--- a/string2.moon
+++ b/string2.moon
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ string2 = {
     capitalized: => gsub(@, '%l', upper, 1)
     byte: byte, bytes: (i, j)=> {byte(@, i or 1, j or -1)}
     split: (sep)=> [chunk for i,chunk in isplit(@, sep)]
+    starts_with: (s)=> sub(@, 1, #s) == s
     lines: => [line for i,line in isplit(@, '\n')]
     line: (line_num)=>
         for i, line, start in isplit(@, '\n')
@@ -41,10 +42,10 @@ string2 = {
         lines = {}
         for line in *@lines!
             while #line > maxlen
-                chunk = line\sub(1, maxlen)
-                split = chunk\find(' ', maxlen-buffer, true) or maxlen
-                chunk = line\sub(1, split)
-                line = line\sub(split+1, -1)
+                chunk = sub(line, 1, maxlen)
+                split = find(chunk, ' ', maxlen-buffer, true) or maxlen
+                chunk = sub(line, 1, split)
+                line = sub(line, split+1, -1)
                 lines[#lines+1] = chunk
             lines[#lines+1] = line
         return table.concat(lines, "\n")
@@ -77,15 +78,15 @@ string2 = {
             if c == ' ' then '_'
             else format("x%02X", byte(c))
 
-        unless is_lua_id(str\match("^_*(.*)$"))
+        unless is_lua_id(match(str, "^_*(.*)$"))
             str = "_"..str
         return str
 
     -- from_lua_id(as_lua_id(str)) == str, but behavior is unspecified for inputs that
     -- did not come from as_lua_id()
     from_lua_id: (str)->
-        unless is_lua_id(str\match("^_*(.*)$"))
-            str = str\sub(2,-1)
+        unless is_lua_id(match(str, "^_*(.*)$"))
+            str = sub(str,2,-1)
         str = gsub(str, "_", " ")
         str = gsub(str, "x([0-9A-F][0-9A-F])", (hex)-> char(tonumber(hex, 16)))
         return str
diff --git a/syntax_tree.lua b/syntax_tree.lua
index 92cee59..fe4f6dc 100644
--- a/syntax_tree.lua
+++ b/syntax_tree.lua
@@ -160,10 +160,13 @@ do
         if type(a) == 'string' then
           stub_bits[#stub_bits + 1] = a
         else
-          stub_bits[#stub_bits + 1] = tostring(arg_i)
+          stub_bits[#stub_bits + 1] = arg_i
           arg_i = arg_i + 1
         end
       end
+      while type(stub_bits[#stub_bits]) == 'number' do
+        stub_bits[#stub_bits] = nil
+      end
       return concat(stub_bits, " ")
     end
   }
diff --git a/syntax_tree.moon b/syntax_tree.moon
index 228f560..03596f8 100644
--- a/syntax_tree.moon
+++ b/syntax_tree.moon
@@ -80,8 +80,10 @@ class SyntaxTree
             if type(a) == 'string'
                 stub_bits[#stub_bits+1] = a
             else
-                stub_bits[#stub_bits+1] = tostring(arg_i)
+                stub_bits[#stub_bits+1] = arg_i
                 arg_i += 1
+        while type(stub_bits[#stub_bits]) == 'number'
+            stub_bits[#stub_bits] = nil
         return concat stub_bits, " "
 
     @is_instance: (t)=>
diff --git a/tools/find_action.nom b/tools/find_action.nom
index e7e3f49..02abdbc 100755
--- a/tools/find_action.nom
+++ b/tools/find_action.nom
@@ -14,7 +14,12 @@ for %path in %files:
     for file %filename in %path:
         unless (%filename::matches "%.nom$") (do next %filename)
         %file = (read file %filename)
-        %tree = (parse %file from %filename)
+        try:
+            %tree = (parse %file from %filename)
+        ..and if it barfs:
+            say (red "\%filename failed to parse")
+            %tree = (nil)
+        unless %tree: do next %filename
         %results = []
         for %t in recursive %tree:
             if (%t is "Action" syntax tree):