#!/usr/bin/env nomsu -V7.0.0
###
This file contains compile-time actions that define basic control flow structures
like "if" statements and loops.
use "core/metaprogramming"
use "core/operators"
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
### No-Op
test:
do nothing
(do nothing) compiles to ""
### Conditionals
test:
if (no):
fail "conditional fail"
(if $condition $if_body) compiles to ("
if \($condition as lua expr) then
\($if_body as lua)
end
")
test:
unless (yes):
fail "conditional fail"
(unless $condition $unless_body) parses as (if (not $condition) $unless_body)
[
if $condition $if_body else $else_body, unless $condition $else_body else $if_body
] all compile to ("
if \($condition as lua expr) then
\($if_body as lua)
else
\($else_body as lua)
end
")
(else $) compiles to:
at (this tree) fail ("
Compile error: This 'else' is not connected to any 'if' or 'unless' condition.
Hint: You should probably have a ".." in front of the "else", to indicate that it's attached \
..to the previous condition.
")
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
### Conditional expression (ternary operator)
### Note: this uses a function instead of "(condition and if_expr or else_expr)"
because that breaks if $if_expr is falsey, e.g. "x < 5 and false or 99"
test:
assume ((1 if (yes) else 2) == 1)
assume ((1 if (no) else 2) == 2)
[
$when_true_expr if $condition else $when_false_expr
$when_true_expr if $condition otherwise $when_false_expr
$when_false_expr unless $condition else $when_true_expr
$when_false_expr unless $condition then $when_true_expr
] all compile to:
### If $when_true_expr is guaranteed to be truthy, we can use Lua's idiomatic
equivalent of a conditional expression: (cond and if_true or if_false)
if {.Text, .List, .Dict, .Number}.($when_true_expr.type):
return Lua ("
(\($condition as lua expr) and \($when_true_expr as lua expr) or \
..\($when_false_expr as lua expr))
")
..else:
### Otherwise, need to do an anonymous inline function (yuck, too bad lua
doesn't have a proper ternary operator!)
To see why this is necessary consider: (random()<.5 and false or 99)
return Lua ("
((function()
if \($condition as lua expr) then
return \($when_true_expr as lua expr)
else
return \($when_false_expr as lua expr)
end
end)())
")
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
### GOTOs
test:
$i = 0
--- $loop ---
$i += 1
unless ($i == 10):
go to $loop
assume ($i == 10)
--- (Loop) ---
$i -= 1
unless ($i == 0):
go to (Loop)
assume ($i == 0)
(--- $label ---) compiles to ("
::label_\(
($label.stub, as lua id) if ($label.type == "Action") else
$label as lua identifier
)::
")
(go to $label) compiles to ("
goto label_\(
($label.stub, as lua id) if ($label.type == "Action") else
$label as lua identifier
)
")
### Basic loop control
(stop $var) compiles to:
if $var:
return Lua "goto stop_\($var as lua identifier)"
..else:
return Lua "break"
(do next $var) compiles to:
if $var:
return Lua "goto continue_\($var as lua identifier)"
..else:
return Lua "goto continue"
(---stop $var ---) compiles to "::stop_\($var as lua identifier)::"
(---next $var ---) compiles to "::continue_\($var as lua identifier)::"
### While loops
test:
$x = 0
repeat while ($x < 10): $x += 1
assume ($x == 10)
repeat while ($x < 20): stop
assume ($x == 10)
repeat while ($x < 20):
$x += 1
if (yes):
do next
fail "Failed to 'do next'"
assume ($x == 20)
(repeat while $condition $body) compiles to:
$lua =
Lua ("
while \($condition as lua expr) do
\($body as lua)
")
if ($body, contains \(do next)):
$lua, add "\n ::continue::"
$lua, add "\nend --while-loop"
return $lua
(repeat $body) parses as (repeat while (yes) $body)
(repeat until $condition $body) parses as (repeat while (not $condition) $body)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
### For-each loop (lua's "ipairs()")
(for $var in $iterable $body) compiles to:
unless $var:
at (this tree) fail "No var here"
### This uses Lua's approach of only allowing loop-scoped variables in a loop
if (($var.type == "Action") and ($var.stub == "1 =")):
[$key, $value] = [$var.1, $var.3]
..else:
[$key, $value] = [nil, $var]
unless $value:
at (this tree) fail "No value here"
### Numeric loop:
if (($iterable.type == "Action") and (($iterable, get stub) == "1 to")):
[$start, $stop] = [$iterable.1, $iterable.3]
$loop =
Lua ("
local _start = \($start as lua expr)
for \($value as lua identifier)=_start,\($stop as lua expr) do
")
if $key:
$loop, add ("
local \($key as lua identifier) = \($value as lua identifier) - _start + 1;
")
go to (loop set)
### Numeric loop with step:
if (($iterable.type == "Action") and (($iterable, get stub) == "1 to 2 by")):
[$start, $stop, $step] = [$iterable.1, $iterable.3, $iterable.5]
$loop =
Lua ("
local _start, _step = \($start as lua expr), \($step as lua expr);
for \($value as lua identifier)=_start,\($stop as lua expr),_step do
")
if $key:
$loop, add ("
local \($key as lua identifier) = (\($value as lua identifier) - _start)/_step + 1
")
go to (loop set)
### for $ in (...):
if $key:
$loop =
Lua ("
for \($key as lua identifier),\($value as lua identifier) in pairs(\
..\($iterable as lua expr)) do
")
..else:
$loop =
Lua "for _i,\($value as lua identifier) in _ipairs(\($iterable as lua expr)) do"
--- (loop set) ---
### TODO: don't always wrap in block
$lua =
Lua ("
do -- for-loop
\$loop
\;
")
$lua, add ($body as lua)
if ($body, contains \(do next)):
$lua, add "\n ::continue::"
if ($key and ($body, contains \(do next \$key))):
$lua, add "\n " (\(---next \$key ---) as lua)
if ($body, contains \(do next \$value)):
$lua, add "\n " (\(---next \$value ---) as lua)
$lua, add "\n end"
if ($key and ($body, contains \(stop \$key))):
$lua, add "\n " (\(---stop \$key ---) as lua)
if ($body, contains \(stop \$value)):
$lua, add "\n " (\(---stop \$value ---) as lua)
$lua, add "\nend -- for-loop"
$lua, remove free vars
[($value as lua identifier, text), $key and ($key as lua identifier, text)]
return $lua
test:
$d = {.a = 10, .b = 20, .c = 30, .d = 40, .e = 50}
$result = []
for ($k = $v) in $d:
if ($k == "a"):
do next $k
if ($v == 20):
do next $v
$result, add "\$k = \$v"
assume (($result sorted) == ["c = 30", "d = 40", "e = 50"])
### Numeric range for loops
test:
assume ([: for $ in (1 to 5): add $] == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
assume ([: for $ in (1 to 5 by 2): add $] == [1, 3, 5])
assume ([: for $ in (5 to 1): add $] == [])
$nums = []
for $outer in (1 to 100):
for $inner in ($outer to ($outer + 2)):
if ($inner == 2):
$nums, add -2
do next $inner
$nums, add $inner
if ($inner == 5):
stop $outer
assume ($nums == [1, -2, 3, -2, 3, 4, 3, 4, 5])
### repeat $n times is a shorthand:
test:
$x = 0
repeat 5 times:
$x += 1
assume $x == 5
(repeat $n times $body) parses as (for (=lua "_i") in (1 to $n by 1) $body)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
test:
when:
(1 == 2) (100 < 0):
fail "bad conditional"
(1 == 0) (1 == 1) $not_a_variable.x: do nothing
(1 == 1):
fail "bad conditional"
(1 == 2):
fail "bad conditional"
else:
fail "bad conditional"
### Multi-branch conditional (if..elseif..else)
(when $body) compiles to:
$code = (Lua "")
$clause = "if"
$else_allowed = (yes)
unless ($body.type == "Block"):
at $body fail ("
Compile error: 'if' expected a Block, but got a \($body.type).
Hint: Perhaps you forgot to put a ':' after 'if'?
")
for $line in $body:
unless
(($line.type == "Action") and (#$line >= 2)) and
$line.(#$line) is "Block" syntax tree
..:
at $line fail ("
Compile error: Invalid line for the body of an 'if' block.
Hint: Each line should contain one or more conditional expressions followed by a block, \
..or "else" followed by a block.
")
$action = $line.(#$line)
if (($line.1 == "else") and (#$line == 2)):
unless $else_allowed:
at $line fail ("
Compile error: You can't have two 'else' blocks.
Hint: Merge all of the 'else' blocks together.
")
unless (#"\$code" > 0):
at $line fail ("
Compile error: You can't have an 'else' block without a preceding condition.
Hint: If you want the code in this block to always execute, you don't need a conditional \
..block around it. Otherwise, make sure the 'else' block comes last.
")
$code, add "\nelse\n " ($action as lua)
$else_allowed = (no)
..else:
$code, add $clause " "
for $i in (1 to (#$line - 1)):
if ($i > 1):
$code, add " or "
$code, add ($line.$i as lua expr)
$code, add " then\n " ($action as lua)
$clause = "\nelseif"
if (#"\$code" == 0):
at $body fail ("
Compile error: 'if' block has an empty body.
Hint: This means nothing would happen, so the 'if' block should be deleted.
")
$code, add "\nend --when"
return $code
test:
if 5 is:
1 2 3:
fail "bad switch statement"
4 5:
do nothing
5 6:
fail "bad switch statement"
else:
fail "bad switch statement"
### Switch statement
[if $branch_value is $body, when $branch_value is $body] all compile to:
$code = (Lua "")
$clause = "if"
$else_allowed = (yes)
define mangler
unless ($body.type == "Block"):
at $body fail ("
Compile error: 'if' expected a Block, but got a \($body.type).
Hint: Perhaps you forgot to put a ':' after the 'is'?
")
for $line in $body:
unless
(($line.type == "Action") and (#$line >= 2)) and
$line.(#$line) is "Block" syntax tree
..:
at $line fail ("
Compile error: Invalid line for 'if' block.
Hint: Each line should contain expressions followed by a block, or "else" followed by a block.
")
$action = $line.(#$line)
if (($line.1 == "else") and (#$line == 2)):
unless $else_allowed:
at $line fail ("
Compile error: You can't have two 'else' blocks.
Hint: Merge all of the 'else' blocks together.
")
unless (#"\$code" > 0):
at $line fail ("
Compile error: You can't have an 'else' block without a preceding condition.
Hint: If you want the code in this block to always execute, you don't need a conditional \
..block around it. Otherwise, make sure the 'else' block comes last.
")
$code, add "\nelse\n " ($action as lua)
$else_allowed = (no)
..else:
$code, add $clause " "
for $i in (1 to (#$line - 1)):
if ($i > 1):
$code, add " or "
$code, add "\(mangle "branch value") == " ($line.$i as lua expr)
$code, add " then\n " ($action as lua)
$clause = "\nelseif"
if (#"\$code" == 0):
at $body fail ("
Compile error: 'if' block has an empty body.
Hint: This means nothing would happen, so the 'if' block should be deleted.
")
$code, add "\nend --when"
return Lua ("
do --if $ is...
local \(mangle "branch value") = \($branch_value as lua expr)
\$code
end -- if $ is...
")
### Do/finally
(do $action) compiles to ("
do
\($action as lua)
end -- do
")
test:
assume ((result of: return 99) == 99)
### Inline thunk:
(result of $body) compiles to "\(\(->(\$body)) as lua)()"
test:
$t = [1, [2, [[3], 4], 5, [[[6]]]]]
$flat = []
for $ in recursive $t:
if ((lua type of $) == "table"):
for $2 in $:
recurse $ on $2
..else:
$flat, add $
assume (sorted $flat) == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
### Recurion control flow
(recurse $v on $x) compiles to
Lua "table.insert(_stack_\($v as lua expr), \($x as lua expr))"
(for $var in recursive $structure $body) compiles to:
$lua =
Lua ("
do
local _stack_\($var as lua expr) = a_List{\($structure as lua expr)}
while #_stack_\($var as lua expr) > 0 do
\($var as lua expr) = table.remove(_stack_\($var as lua expr), 1)
\($body as lua)
")
if ($body, contains \(do next)):
$lua, add "\n ::continue::"
if ($body, contains \(do next \$var)):
$lua, add "\n \(\(---next \$var ---) as lua)"
$lua, add "\n end -- Recursive loop"
if ($body, contains \(stop \$var)):
$lua, add "\n \(\(---stop \$var ---) as lua)"
$lua, add "\nend -- Recursive scope"
return $lua